添加鸡粪和菌剂对桑枝条堆肥腐熟效果及肥力的影响  

Effect of Adding Chicken Manure and Bacterial Agent on Compost Maturation and Fertility of Mulberry Strip

作　　者：赵珮 宋长贵 吴均 王梅 何佳洋 黄晓梅 黄传书 ZHAO Pei;SONG Chang-gui;WU Jun;WANG mei;HE Jia-yang;HUANG Xiao-mei;HUANG Chuan-shu(The Sericultural Science and Technology Research Institute in Chongqing,Chongqing 400700,China;Agrotechnical Promotion Station in Chongqing,Chongqing 400020,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市蚕业科学技术研究院,重庆400700 [2]重庆市农技推广站,重庆400020

出　　处：《蚕学通讯》2023年第1期22-26,共5页Newsletter of Sericultural Science

基　　金：2021年重庆市绩效激励引导专项(scky2021jxjlyf0401)。

摘　　要：构建桑枝条肥料化处理技术体系,对于促进蚕桑生产废弃物无害化、资源化利用有十分积极的意义。以桑枝条为原料,用鸡粪作为有机氮源,以初始碳氮比(C/N)和微生物菌剂添加量为因素,设置1号堆(C/N为25,菌剂添加质量分数4%)、2号堆(C/N为20,菌剂添加质量分数4%)和3号堆(C/N为25,菌剂添加质量分数0.4%)3个处理组,采用好氧堆肥法(质量约为500 kg)进行为期110 d的堆肥试验,检测各组堆肥腐熟过程中的物质变化及堆肥品质。结果表明:堆肥过程中,堆体高温(≥50℃)持续时长由高到低为2号堆、1号堆、3号堆,高温时长分别为18 d、13 d、7 d;全C、C/N的下降幅度由高到低为1号堆、3号堆、2号堆;与原料相比,1号堆的可溶性腐殖质、速效养分的增幅最大,总养分含量高,用于种子发芽测试的发芽指数最高。试验结果提示:调节适宜的初始C/N、增加菌种用量可促进桑枝堆肥的有机物分解,提高堆肥腐熟效率,从而有效促进养分的富集和提高堆肥产品的肥力。It is of great significance to construct the technology system of mulberry branch fertilizer treatment for promoting the harmless and resource utilization of sericulture production waste.Using mulberry branch as raw material and chicken manure as organic nitrogen source,three treatments were set up with initial carbon to nitrogen ratio(C/N)and bacteria agent as factors,including pile No.1(C/N=25,bacteria agent 4%),pile No.2(C/N=20,bacterial agent 4%)and pile No.3(C/N=25,bacterial agent 0.4%).Aerobic composting method(about 500 kg)was conducted for 110 days to detect the material changes and compost quality during the composting process.The results showed that the duration of high temperature(≥50℃)in the composting process from high to low was No.2,No.1 and No.3 piles,and the duration of high temperature was 18,13 and 7 days.The decline of total C and C/N from high to low was No.1,No.3,and No.2 piles.Compared with the raw materials,No.1 had the largest increase in soluble humus and available nutrients,and the highest total nutrient content and germination index.The results suggested that adjusting initial C/N and increasing the amount of bacteria could promote the decomposition of organic matter in mulberry branch compost,improved the maturity efficiency,and effectively promoted the enrichment of nutrients and improved the fertility of compost products.

关 键 词：堆肥 桑枝 鸡粪、碳氮比 菌剂 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]