不同利用方式对内蒙古典型草原主要群系生态用水的影响  

Effects of Different Utilization Methods on Ecological Water Use of Major Plant Communities of Typical Grassland in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：张泽 孙贺阳[1,2,3] 郑云暖 王敏 清华 杨劼[1,2,3] 包铁军 ZHANG Ze;SUN Heyang;ZHENG Yunnuan;WANG Min;QING Hua;YANG Jie;BAO Tiejun(School of Ecology and Environment,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010070,China;Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau of the Ministry of Education,Hohhot 010070,China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology,Hohhot 010070,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010070 [2]蒙古高原生态学与资源利用教育部重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010070 [3]内蒙古草地生态学重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010070

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2023年第4期1-10,共10页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2020ZD0009);内蒙古自治区应用技术研究与开发项目(2019GG015);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2022MS03036)。

摘　　要：水分是干旱半干旱典型草原区最主要的限制性因子之一,放牧和刈割是典型草原的两种主要利用方式。对不同利用方式下的内蒙古典型草原主要群系(大针茅、羊草)群落蒸散量、土壤贮水量及生态用水量特征进行测定,结果表明:与其他利用方式相比,刈割会显著降低典型草原大针茅群落蒸散量、土壤贮水量以及生态用水量(P<0.05)。典型草原大针茅群落、羊草群落蒸散量均在生长季中期(7月份)达到最大值;不同利用方式下,中度放牧下的群落蒸散量最高。此外,围封利用方式下大针茅群落土壤贮水量和生态用水量较高;轻度放牧利用方式下的羊草群落土壤贮水量和生态用水量高于其他放牧利用(P<0.05)。研究典型草原主要群落生态用水对不同利用方式的响应,可以为草原生态系统水分循环研究和水资源的可持续利用提供基础数据。In arid and semi-arid typical grasslands,water is a crucial limiting factor,while grazing and mowing are the primary utilization methods.In this study,the evapotranspiration,soil water storage and ecological water use characteristics of typical grassland communities(Stipa grandis community and Leymus chinensis community)in Inner Mongolia were measured under different utilization methods.The results showed that mowing significantly reduced evapotranspiration,soil water storage,and ecological water use in typical grassland S.grandis community compared to other utilization methods(P<0.05).The evapotranspiration of typical grassland S.grandis and L.chinensis communities both reached the maximum in the middle of the growing season(July)and the evapotranspiration of the communities under moderate grazing conditions was the highest under different utilization methods.In addition,the enclosure enhanced soil water storage and ecological water use in the S.grandis community.Soil water storage and ecological water use were significantly higher(P<0.05)in the S.grandis and L.chinensis communities under light grazing condition than other grazing utilizations.Exploring the ecological water use responses of major communities in typical grasslands to different utilization methods can provide fundamental insights into the water cycle dynamics of grassland ecosystems and promote sustainable management of water resources.

关 键 词：典型草原 不同利用方式 蒸散 土壤贮水 生态用水 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]