饲料桑生长动态及刈割期研究  

Study on the Growth Dynamics and Harvesting Time of Forage Mulberry

作　　者：杜周和[1] 左艳春[1] 吴建梅[1] 严旭[1] 王红林 李林波 粟思源 刘彬斌[1] 刘俊凤[1] DU Zhouhe;ZUO Yanchun;WU Jianmei;YAN Xu;WANG Honglin;LI Linbo;SU Siyuan;LIU Binbin;LIU Junfeng(Research Institute of Sericulture,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchong 637000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所,四川南充637000

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2023年第4期82-89,共8页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：“1+9”揭榜挂帅科技攻关(1+9KJGG004);四川省“十四·五”育种攻关(2021YFYZ0024-2);四川省财政自主创新专项(2022ZZCX086);四川省蚕桑创新团队(SCCXTD-2021-17)共同资助。

摘　　要：以栽植第三年丰产期饲料桑为研究对象,采用株高、茎粗、枝条重、茎秆重、叶片重、茎叶比等指标分析饲料桑株高50、70、90、110、130、150 cm时各阶段的生长动态,测定枝条、茎秆和叶片中干物质、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤木质素、粗脂肪、灰分等营养物质含量;于株高70、90、110 cm时刈割,测定不同株高刈割时的年度产量;将叶片按枝长分为上部叶、中部叶、下部叶和黄化落叶四部分,分别测定各部分叶片营养成分。结果表明,饲料桑在株高90 cm达到最快生长速度;随着株高的增长,全株收获物中干物质、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量逐渐升高,粗蛋白含量显著降低;株高90 cm时刈割,年度总产量最高。综合考虑年度生物产量和饲用营养价值,饲料桑应在株高90 cm时刈割利用。This study analyzed the agronomic characteristics,including stem diameter,branch weight,stem weight,leaf weight,and stem-to-leaf ratio of forage mulberry at the different heights(50,70,90,110,130 and 150 cm)during the third year of growth.The dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),acid detergent lignin(ADL),crude fat(EE),and ash contents in the branches,stems and leaves of each height were also measured.Biomass was investigated at plant height of 70,90,and 110 cm.The leaves were categorized into upper,middle,lower and yellow leaves based on branch length,and the nutrient components were determined.The results showed that the DM,NDF and ADF contents in the whole plant gradually increased with plant height,while CP content decreased significantly.The fastest growth rate occurred at a plant height of 90 cm,with the highest annual total biomass also observed at this height.Considering the annual biological yield and feeding value,forage mulberry should be harvested at a plant height of 90 cm.

关 键 词：木本饲料 桑树 生长动态 刈割期 

分 类 号：S888.4[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]