低温可视化力学装置传热分析与计算研究  

Thermal Analysis and Calculating Study of Low-Temperature Optical Mechanical Device

作　　者：吴姗姗 王珏 张恒成[1] 刘辉明[1] 黄传军[1] 黄荣进[1,2] 李来风 周远[1,2] WU Shanshan;WANG Jue;ZHANG Hengcheng;LIU Huiming;HUANG Chuanjun;HUANG Rongjin;LI Laifeng;ZHOU Yuan(State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants,Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Limited Space Engineering Development Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100854,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所航天低温推进剂技术国家重点实验室,100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]航天科工空间工程发展有限公司,北京100854

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2023年第4期122-132,共11页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52007186);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFE0301403);航天低温推进剂技术国家重点实验室基础研究基金资助项目(SKLTSCP202001)。

摘　　要：为优化干冷式宽温域低温可视化力学测量装置的内部传热特性,降低装置传导和辐射漏热,提高样品的温度均匀性,基于Sage、COMSOL研究了不同尺寸试样的温度场分布,对比了两种计算方法的一致性。研究了试样表面发射率、窗口表面发射率以及窗口尺寸对试样温度的影响。结果表明:Sage、COMSOL两种方法计算的试样最低温度分别为4.2115、4.2194 K,温度基本一致,且Sage一维计算方法可以更直观地分析低温装置内各个传热节点的参数;当试样尺寸为3 mm×30 mm×2.5 mm的小规格尺寸,试样表面发射率低至0.01时,试样自身温度最为均匀,两端温差仅为0.005 K;降低窗口的表面发射率、减小窗口的辐射面积均有利于试样温度的均匀分布;小尺寸试样的温度分布几乎不受材料表面发射率和窗口参数的影响,自身温差始终保持最小。To optimize the internal heat transfer characteristics of dry-cooled wide-temperature range low-temperature visualization mechanical measuring device,reduce the conduction and radiation heat leakage of the device,and improve the temperature uniformity of specimens,the temperature distribution of specimens of different sizes was studied based on Sage and COMSOL,and the consistency of the two calculation methods was compared.The effects of the surface emissivity of the specimens,the surface emissivity of the windows and the window size on the specimen temperature were studied.The results showed that the lowest temperatures of the specimens calculated by Sage and COMSOL were 4.2115 K and 4.2194 K,respectively.The results were basically consistent,and the Sage calculation method could analyze the parameters of each heat transfer node in the cryogenic device more intuitively.When the specimen’s dimensions were 3 mm×30 mm×2.5 mm and the surface emissivity of the specimen was 0.01,the temperature of the specimen was the most uniform,with the temperature difference between the two ends being only 0.005 K.In addition,lowering the surface emissivity of the window and reducing the radiation area of the window were conducive to the uniform temperature distribution on the specimen.The temperature distribution of small-sized specimens is almost independent of the material surface emissivity and window parameters,and the temperature difference is maintained at a minimum level.

关 键 词：低温力学测试 传热分析 一维 三维 温度场 

分 类 号：TB65[一般工业技术—制冷工程]