冲击载荷下磁流变缓冲器动力学建模与试验  

Dynamic modeling and experiment of a magnetorheological energy absorber under impact loading

作　　者：郑鹏飞 侯保林[1] ZHENG Pengfei;HOU Baolin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2023年第4期639-648,共10页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：装备预先研究项目(30107070202)。

摘　　要：为了探讨磁流变缓冲器作为火炮反后坐装置的可行性,本文设计了单缸双伸出杆式磁流变缓冲器样机,研究了冲击载荷作用下磁流变缓冲器的动态缓冲性能,以及瞬时加速度超过100g的缓冲器动力学特性。基于Herschel-Bulkley本构模型,采用平均惯性法,推导出包含流动惯性的阻尼通道力学模型。由于平均惯性法的近似性,提出对模型的惯性项引入修正系数;同时考虑局部损失,建立包含局部损失的缓冲器力学模型。从冲击力的角度分析出发,建立缓冲运动微分方程,研究缓冲过程中的运动和受力。采用落锤冲击试验方法,测试分析了缓冲器在不同冲击高度和电流工况下的动态冲击缓冲数据。研究表明:缓冲器可以有效减小冲击力峰值,平缓冲击载荷,且在不同冲击载荷下均具有良好的缓冲性能。对比试验值与理论值发现修正后的力学模型可以更好地描述缓冲器在冲击缓冲过程中的动力学特性。A magnetorheological energy absorber(MREA)prototype,which has a single cylinder and double rods,was proposed to discuss the feasibility of using an MREA as an artillery recoil system.Further,the dynamic buffering performance of the MREA and the dynamic mechanical characteristics with instantaneous acceleration greater than 100 g were studied under impact loading.Based on the Herschel-Bulkley constitutive model,the mechanical model of the damping channel incorporating flow inertia was deduced using the average inertia effect method.Because of the approximation of the average inertia effect method,a correction coefficient was introduced into the inertia term of the model.Moreover,a mechanical model incorporating minor loss was established to consider the minor loss.In terms of impact force,a differential equation of buffering motion was established to study the motion and force during buffering.The dynamic buffering data of the MREA under different impact heights and current conditions were tested and analyzed on the basis of a drop weight impact test.The results show that the MREA can effectively reduce the peak impact force and smooth the impact loading,having good buffering performance under different impact loadings.Comparing the theoretical and the test results,it was observed that the modified mechanical model can better describe the dynamic characteristics of the MREA in the process of impacting.

关 键 词：火炮 反后坐装置 磁流变缓冲器 冲击载荷 动力学特性 惯性效应 局部损失 力学模型 

分 类 号：TJ303[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]