桥式起重机起升系统非线性建模及仿真  

Nonlinear modeling and simulation of hoisting system of bridge crane

作　　者：吴世安 计三有[1] Wu Shian;Ji Sanyou

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学交通与物流工程学院,武汉430063

出　　处：《起重运输机械》2023年第7期45-50,共6页Hoisting and Conveying Machinery

摘　　要：桥式起重机系统较为复杂,具有时变、非线性的特点,现有设计手册利用动载系数放大设计无法准确量化动载大小。为进一步研究起重机动力学特性,文中根据多体动力学理论建立刚柔耦合模型,根据桥式起重机起升及下降过程,考虑钢丝绳松弛长度、钢丝绳刚度变化等因素,结合弹性地基力学模型,基于时变刚度与时变激励建立起升系统非线性动力学模型。利用Runge-Kutta积分法仿真得到起升及下降阶段钢丝绳拉力、过载系数、主梁振动、钢丝绳刚度变化数据。结果表明,钢丝绳松弛长度对拉力最大值有较大影响。The bridge crane system is complex,time-varying and nonlinear,and the existing design manual can not accurately quantify the dynamic load by using the dynamic load coefficient to enlarge the design.In order to further study the dynamic characteristics of cranes,a rigid-flexible coupling model was established according to the multi-body dynamics theory.According to the hoisting and descending process of bridge crane,a nonlinear dynamic model of hoisting system was built based on the time-varying stiffness and time-varying excitation,considering the factors such as the relaxation length and stiffness change of steel wire rope and the mechanical model of elastic foundation.Runge-Kutta integration method was used for simulation,and the variation data of wire rope tension,overload coefficient,main girder vibration and wire rope stiffness during hoisting and descending stages were obtained.The results show that the relaxation length of wire rope has great influence on the maximum tension.

关 键 词：桥式起重机 动力学模型 时变刚度 刚柔耦合 仿真 

分 类 号：TH215[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]