固废基自发泡烧胀陶粒设计与性能研究  

Design and Performance Study of Solid Waste-Based Self-Foaming Expanded Ceramsites

作　　者：唐佩 蒋事成 邓腾飞[1] 陈伟[1,3] TANG Pei;JIANG Shicheng;DENG Tengfei;CHEN Wei(State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory,Yichang 443007,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学硅酸盐建筑材料国家重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院,武汉430070 [3]湖北三峡实验室,宜昌443007

出　　处：《硅酸盐通报》2023年第4期1384-1392,共9页Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1904900);湖北三峡实验室开放/创新基金(SC211004);武汉市知识创新专项-曙光计划项目;深圳市科技计划项目协同创新专项(CJGJZD20200617102601003)。

摘　　要：研究了一种固废基自发泡烧胀陶粒的设计方法,利用赤泥中的赤铁矿高温分解产生气体实现自发泡。固废含量95%(质量分数)的原材料在1 200℃煅烧60 min得到了性能优异的轻质高强陶粒,陶粒的颗粒强度为4.86~6.75 MPa,吸水率为0.72%~1.11%,堆积密度为0.53~0.71 g/cm^(3)。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、热重-差示扫描量热分析(TG-DSC)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等测试方法,研究了不同赤泥掺量对烧胀陶粒的物理性能、微观结构、物相组成和化学结构的影响。结果表明,当赤泥的掺量由10%增至25%(质量分数)时,骨料的膨胀率和吸水率呈下降趋势,堆积密度提高,颗粒强度先增后降。赤泥中的赤铁矿高温分解产生的气体被液相包裹是固废基烧胀陶粒自发泡的主要原因。A design method of solid waste-based self-foaming expanded ceramsites was studied,and the gas produced by the decomposition of hematite in red mud at high temperature was used to realize self-foaming.In this study,the ceramsites were produced by sintering the raw materials(95%of which were solid wastes)at 1200℃for 60 min,and the obtained ceramsites have the characteristics of light weight and high strength.The ceramsites particle strength is 4.86~6.75 MPa,water absorption is 0.72%~1.11%,and bulk density is 0.53~0.71 g/cm3.The influence of red mud content on the physical properties,microstructure,phase components and chemical structure of ceramsites was investigated by SEM,XRD,FTIR,TG-DSC and XPS.The results show that with the content of red mud increases from 10%to 25%(mass fraction),the expansion index and water absorption decrease,the bulk density increases,and the particle strength first increases and then decreases.The main reason of the solid waste-based expanded ceramsites with self-foaming behavior is that hematite decomposed at high temperature to released gas,and the gas is entrapped by the liquid phases.

关 键 词：固体废弃物 烧胀陶粒 拜耳法高铁赤泥 赤铁矿 膨胀率 自发泡 

分 类 号：TQ174.1[化学工程—陶瓷工业]