南海中南暗沙海域海底环境噪声特性  

Characteristics of Ambient Noise in the Bottom of Middle South Shoal of the South China Sea

作　　者：李显阳 刘宗伟 史阳 姜莹 杨春梅 王晓燕 吕连港 LI Xianyang;LIU Zongwei;SHI Yang;JIANG Ying;YANG Chunmei;WANG Xiaoyan;LU Liangang(First Institute of Oceanography,MNR,Qingdao 266061,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling,MNR,Qingdao 266061,China;Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling,Qingdao 266061,China;Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Underwater Information Technology,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China;Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061 [2]自然资源部海洋环境科学与数值模拟重点实验室,山东青岛266061 [3]山东省海洋环境科学与数值模拟重点实验室,山东青岛266061 [4]西北工业大学陕西省水下信息技术重点实验室,陕西西安710072 [5]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室区域海洋动力学与数值模拟功能实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2023年第2期335-343,共9页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41706113);青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室山东省专项经费“问海计划”项目(2021WHZZB0700)。

摘　　要：为了解南海海底环境噪声特点,2021年3月至12月,在南海中南暗沙海域海底进行了海洋环境噪声观测。统计分析了不同频段噪声的噪声级及其峰度和偏度,结果表明:南海中南暗沙海域海底环境噪声存在季节差异,总体表现为冬季噪声级高于其他季节,而昼夜差异微弱;5 kHz以上频段低噪声级的噪声多,环境安静;8 kHz频段的噪声级随时间的变化趋势与风速随时间的变化趋势一致;热带气旋过境时该海域20 kHz以下的噪声级呈现整体增加的趋势,但不同频率噪声级受热带气旋影响的程度不同,8 kHz频段噪声级受风速变化的影响较大,而200 Hz和20 kHz频段随风速变化的幅度较低。In order to understand the characteristics of ambient noise in the bottom of the South China Sea,acoustic observations were made on the bottom of Middle South Shoal of the South China Sea from March 2021 to December 2021.The noise levels,kurtosis and skewness of noise in different frequency bands are statistically analyzed.The results show that there are seasonal differences in the ambient noise in the bottom of Middle South Shoal of the South China Sea.The overall performance is that the noise level in winter is higher than that in other seasons,while the difference between day and night is weak;there are many lownoise levels in the frequency band above 5 kHz,and the environment is quiet;the change trend of noise level over time in 8 kHz frequency band is consistent with that of wind speed over time;when the tropical cyclone passes through the sea,the noise level below 20 kHz in the sea area shows an overall increase trend,but different frequency noise levels are affected by the tropical cyclone to different degrees.The noise level in the 8 kHz frequency band is greatly affected by the change of wind speed,while the amplitude of the 200 Hz and 20 kHz frequency bands with the change of wind speed is relatively low.

关 键 词：环境噪声 中南暗沙海域海底 噪声季节差异 噪声昼夜差异 

分 类 号：P733.22[天文地球—物理海洋学]