我国人工智能临床应用研究发展现状及建议  

The Status Quo and Suggestions of Clinical Application Research of Artificial Intelligence in China

作　　者：尹军祥[1] 黄鑫 李苏宁[1] 桑晓冬 阮梅花 卢姗[1] 范玲 YIN Junxiang;HUANG Xin;LI Suning;SANG Xiaodong;RUAN Meihua;LU Shan;Fan Ling(China National Center for Biotechnology Development,Beijing 100039,China;Shanghai Information Center for Life Sciences,Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China)

机构地区：[1]中国生物技术发展中心,北京100039 [2]中国科学院上海生命科学信息中心,中国科学院上海营养与健康研究所,上海200031

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2023年第2期181-188,共8页World Sci-Tech R&D

摘　　要：近年来,人工智能临床应用研究进展迅猛,有望为提升疾病防控水平,促进健康中国建设提供重要支撑。本文基于文献研究、专题研讨、专家访谈,从战略布局、研发实力、产品创新、临床应用等方面分析我国人工智能临床应用研究进展。研究发现:我国在该领域研发实力显著增强,学术产出与技术创新水平进入国际第一方阵。其中,申请、公开的专利数分别由2011年的137项、26项增长至2021年的2484项和2909项,均跃居全球首位。发表论文数由2011年的43篇逐年快速增长至2021年的4597篇,仅次于美国。我国医疗人工智能产品研究不断取得创新突破,相关产品的智能化程度不断提高,正在从研究阶段走向应用层面,支撑临床实践提质增效。我国在人工智能临床研究领域也存在一定的问题和短板,主要包括:(1)重大原创成果较少,核心技术、关键设备受制于人;(2)产品研发临床驱动不足,临床应用场景单一;(3)医疗数据质量不高,数据标准与共享机制不健全;(4)评价与监管体系不健全,伦理制度与法律法规待完善。对此,提出建议,包括:(1)加强顶层设计,统筹国家科技计划系统布局;(2)规范数据标准,培育医疗数据建设与共享新业态;(3)完善法律法规,优化认证评估与安全监管体系;(4)加强人才培育,打造医学人工智能复合型人才团队。The clinical application research of artificial intelligence has been developed rapidly in recent years and is expected to produce a subversive breakthrough for disease elimination and health promotion.This review briefly introduces the status quo of artificial intelligence clinical application research in China,including strategic layout,research and development strength,production innovation,and clinical application.The study found that the research and development strength of this area in China had improved markedly.The number of patent applications had increased to 2484 items in 2021 from 137 items in 2011.The number of published patents had increased to 2909 items from 26 items in 2011.Both of them increased markedly and ranked 1st in the world.The number of papers published had increased markedly to 4597,ranking 2nd in 2021 from 43 in 2011.Meanwhile,product innovation has been accelerating from research to application.On the other hand,there are also some problems:lack of significant original innovation achievements,core technologies,and key equipment;insufficient clinical orientation of product research and development;limited clinical application scenarios;poor quality of medical data,imperfection of data Standard and sharing mechanism;the imperfection of evaluation and supervision system.Based on the above,we put forward four suggestions:strengthening top-level design and coordinating the layout of the National Science and Technology Plan System;regularizing data standards,developing new forms of medical data-sharing;improving the system of laws and regulations,enhancing the level of assessment and supervision;strengthening the cultivation of talents,especially creating multidisciplinary artificial intelligence talent teams.

关 键 词：人工智能 临床应用 现状 建议 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] R319[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]