电渣重熔过程电源频率对不锈钢凝固组织的影响  

Influence of Power Frequency on Solidification Structure of Stainless Steel During Electroslag Remelting Process

作　　者：苏云龙 朱春丽 金涛 赵磊 张龙飞 常立忠 施晓芳 SU Yunlong;ZHU Chunli;JIN Tao;ZHAO Lei;ZHANG Longfei;CHANG Lizhong;SHI Xiaofang(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Maanshan 243032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学冶金工程学院,安徽马鞍山243032

出　　处：《安徽工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期119-125,138,共8页Journal of Anhui University of Technology（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51974002,52074002);安徽省自然科学基金项目(2208085J37)。

摘　　要：以304奥氏体不锈钢为研究对象,基于自行设计的低频电源电渣炉对其进行电渣重熔实验,采用原位分析技术分析电源频率对电渣锭致密度和Cr元素分布的影响,研究低频电渣重熔对电渣锭凝固组织的影响及其作用机理。结果表明:低频操作可使电渣锭致密度分布更均匀,但不是频率越低越好,频率降至0.1 Hz时致密度分布的不均匀性反而增加;频率对电渣锭中Cr元素的最大偏析度影响较小;随频率的降低温度梯度与竖直方向的夹角逐渐减小,金属熔池深度变浅。频率降至0.4 Hz时,温度梯度与竖直方向的夹角最小、约20°,柱状晶接近于轴向生长,熔池深度最浅,呈浅平状分布;频率降至0.1 Hz时,柱状晶径向生长的趋势增加,熔池深度反而加深。与传统工频电渣重熔相比,合理的重熔频率能够更好地搅拌渣池,促使渣–金界面与熔池内各部分温度分布更均匀,降低金属熔池深度,但频率过低反而会加深金属熔池深度。Using 304 austenitic stainless steel as the research object,the electroslag remelting experiment was carried out based on the self-designed low-frequency power electroslag furnace.The influence of power frequency on electroslag ingot density and Cr element distribution was analyzed by using the in-situ analysis technology,and the influence of low frequency electroslag remelting on electroslag ingot solidification structure and its mechanism were studied.The results show that the low frequency operation can make the density distribution of the electroslag ingot more uniform,but not the lower the frequency is,the better.When the frequency drops to 0.1 Hz,the non-uniformity of density distribution increases.The frequency has little effect on the maximum segregation of Cr element in the electroslag ingot.With the decrease of frequency,the angle between the temperature gradient and the vertical direction gradually decreases,and the depth of the metal pool becomes shallow.When the frequency drops to 0.4 Hz,the angle between the temperature gradient and the vertical direction is the smallest,about 20°,the columnar crystal is close to the axial growth,and the depth of the molten pool is the shallowest,with a shallow flat distribution.When the frequency drops to 0.1 Hz,the radial growth trend of columnar crystal increases,and the depth of molten pool increases.Compared with the traditional power frequency electroslag remelting,a reasonable remelting frequency can better stir the slag pool,promote a more uniform temperature distribution of the slag-metal interface and all parts of the molten pool,and reduce the depth of the metal pool.However,if the frequency is too low,the depth of the metal pool will be deepened.

关 键 词：电渣重熔 低频电源 致密度 凝固组织 偏析 

分 类 号：TF142[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]