危害茶树菇新害虫——Bradysia peraffinis Tuomikoski 1960(Diptera:Sciaridae)的生物学特性  

Biological characteristization of a new pest attacking Agrocybe aegerita:Bradysia peraffinis Tuomikoski 1960(Diptera,Sciaridae)

作　　者：王赟萍 贺佩珊 马吉平[1] 钟国祥[1] 王素贞 肖银润 熊小文[1] 张诚[1] WANG Yunping;HE Peishan;MA Jiping;ZHONG Guoxiang;WANG Suzhen;XIAO Yinrun;XIONG Xiaowen;ZHANG Cheng(Institute of Applied Agricultural Micro-Organisms,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China;Jiangxi Agricultural Engineering College,Yichun 331200,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院农业应用微生物研究所,江西南昌330200 [2]江西农业工程职业学院,江西宜春331200

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2023年第4期884-892,共9页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCX201803-02,JXXTCX201702-07);江西省食用菌产业技术体系(JXARS-20);江西省重点研发计划项目(20202BBFL63005)。

摘　　要：近年在江西省农业科学院栽培茶树菇的过程中,发现了一种危害茶树菇的蕈蚊。通过扩增线粒体COI基因、序列比对进行分子鉴定,并构建系统发育树。同时对该蕈蚊进行制片和拍照,描述了其卵、幼虫、成虫的主要形态特征;另外,通过在培养箱中饲养该蕈蚊,观察、记录其生物学特征。结果表明,危害茶树菇的蕈蚊为Bradysia peraffinis Tuomikoski 1960,为江西省新纪录种,与Bradysia peraffinis COⅠ序列(登录号:JQ613799)的相似度达到99.85%。该蕈蚊以幼虫危害菌丝和子实体,研究发现,老熟幼虫爬至培养料口化蛹,羽化后飞出菌袋。其成虫活泼善飞,具有趋光性,生活史约20~29 d,年发生多代,世代重叠明显。研究结果,为深入研究该蕈蚊发生规律和防控技术奠定了理论基础。In recent years,we discovered a species of insects that harmed the Agrocybe aegerita during its cultivation in Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.Samples of adults were collected from the culture materials of Agrocybe aegerita,and molecular identification was carried out by amplifying the mitochondrial COⅠgene and sequence comparison.The neighbor-joining method was used to construct phylogenetic trees.At the same time,we filmed and photographed the insect and described the main morphological characteristics of its eggs,larvae and adults.In addition,their biological characteristics were observed and recorded by raising them in an incubator.The results showed that the insect that harmed Agrocybe aegerita was Bradysia peraffinis Tuomikoski 1960,a new record species in Jiangxi,the similarity with Bradysia peraffinis COⅠsequence(accession number:JQ613799)reached 99.85%.The larvae of this insect harm hyphae and fruit bodies.And we found the mature larvae crawled to the mouth of the culture bag and pupated,and flew out of the bag after eclosion.Adults were good at flying,with phototaxis.In laboratory tests,their generation period was about 20-29 days in the incubator.It had sevaral generations a year and the generations overlap.This article laid the foundation for the in-depth study of its occurrence and prevention and control techniques in the future.

关 键 词：Bradysia peraffinis 分子鉴定 形态特征 生物学 江西 

分 类 号：S436.46[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]