城市污水生物脱氮提质增效技术现状与展望  

Improving the quality and efficiency of biological nitrogen removal from domestic wastewater:Current situation and prospects

作　　者：李佳 汪涵 王亚宜[1,2] LI Jia;WANG Han;WANG Yayi(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [2]同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《能源环境保护》2023年第2期48-61,共14页Energy Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(52225001)。

摘　　要：随着国家和地方污水排放标准的提升,已建城市污水处理厂普遍面临提标改造的重要挑战,且出水总氮达标是提标改造任务的重点和难点。基于此,本文阐述了双碳时代下低碳氮比城市污水生物脱氮提质增效的技术路径,展望了未来研究方向。首先系统综述了城市污水厂强化生物脱氮效能的常规路径,立足深度挖掘原有生物处理工艺脱氮潜力和增设反硝化生物滤池深度处理工艺两个方面进行了总结;其次全面介绍了新型低碳自养生物脱氮工艺(如厌氧氨氧化、硫自养反硝化和铁自养反硝化)的研究进展和应用前景,为构建绿色、高效的自养生物脱氮系统以及异养-自养耦合深度脱氮系统提供理论依据与技术支撑;最后展望了未来城市污水生物脱氮的发展方向与趋势,通过与生物技术、材料技术和信息技术等多学科的交叉融合,推动污水生物脱氮领域的技术变革与科技创新。本文以期为城市污水脱氮的减污降碳协同增效提供参考。With the improvement of national and local sewage discharge standards,the upgrading and retrofitting of existing wastewater treatment systems become a major challenging task for wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs).Specially,meeting the concentration limits for total nitrogen in the effluent is the important and difficult point.Thus,under the"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality"goal,the technological paths for improving the quality and efficiency of biological nitrogen removal(BNR)from low carbon to nitrogen domestic wastewater are elaborated in this review,and future0x0E䥺Symbol`@@0x0F study directions are also suggested.Firstly,the traditional paradigms for enhancing BNR are systematically reviewed,primarily including deep excavation of the BNR potential of the original biological treatment process and incorporation with the denitrification biofilter advanced treatment process.Secondly,the research progress and application prospect of low-carbon autotrophic BNR processes,such as anaerobic ammonium oxidation,sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification,and nitrate-dependent ferrous oxidation,are comprehensively introduced,which can provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the establishment of environmentally friendly and efficient autotrophic BNR systems or synergistic heterotrophic-autotrophic advanced BNR systems.Finally,future directions and trends of BNR from domestic wastewater are proposed.The integration of biotechnology,material technology,and information technology can drive technological change and innovation in the wastewater BNR field.This review aims to provide guidance for the synergistic effect of pollution and carbon reduction of BNR from domestic wastewater.

关 键 词：城市污水 提标改造 生物脱氮 自养脱氮 厌氧氨氧化 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]