甲烷燃烧催化剂研究进展  

Research progress on methane combustion catalysts

作　　者：蔡洁莹 李杰[1,2] 张燕 单文坡[1,2,3] CAI Jieying;LI Jie;ZHANG Yan;SHAN Wenpo(Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China;Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control,Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315800,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所中国科学院区域大气环境研究卓越创新中心,福建厦门361021 [2]中国科学院城市环境研究所宁波观测研究站浙江省城市环境过程与污染控制重点实验室,浙江宁波315800 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《能源环境保护》2023年第2期62-72,共11页Energy Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3701804);国家自然科学基金项目(U20B6004)。

摘　　要：甲烷是天然气的主要成分,广泛应用于电厂、天然气车和各种化学品合成等领域。但由于其具有强温室效应,使用过程中的甲烷泄露和排放会对环境造成重大影响。甲烷直接燃烧净化所需的反应温度高,常伴随高温副产物NO_(x)等,对环境危害较大。催化燃烧是一种更为高效清洁的处理技术,而该技术的核心是高效稳定的催化剂。文章综述了近年来国内外用于甲烷燃烧的贵金属和非贵金属催化剂研究进展。两类催化剂各有特点,其中贵金属催化剂低温活性优异,载体选择丰富,但是成本较高和易发生高温团聚成为制约其工业应用的重要原因。非贵金属催化剂成本低,热稳定性优异,但起燃温度较高,仅适用于高温工况。工业尾气中常含有大量水蒸气和微量SO_(2),为了满足长期稳定的工业应用需求,无论贵金属还是非贵金属催化剂,其抗中毒能力仍需改进提升。此外,文章总结了贵金属和非贵金属催化剂活性物种、反应机理研究进展,以及工业化应用的可行性,并展望了该领域未来可能的发展方向。Methane as the main component of natural gas,has been widely used in power plants,natural gas automobiles,and the synthesis of numerous compounds.However,the leakage and emission of methane can induce severe environmental issues due to its strong greenhouse effects.The reaction temperature of direct combustion of methane is so high that is often accompanied by high-temperature by-products,such as NO_(x),which would cause air pollution issues.Catalytic combustion is an efficient and eco-friendly treatment technology for methane emission control,and the key for this technology is the development of efficient and stable catalysts.This paper reviews the recent research progress on noble metal catalysts and non-noble metal catalysts for methane combustion.The noble metal catalysts have excellent low-temperature activity and various carrier selections,but their high cost and easy agglomeration restrict the industrial application.Non-noble metal catalysts have low cost and excellent thermal stability,but their light-off temperature is high,which can only be used for high-temperature applications.Industrial exhaust gas often contains a large amount of water vapor and trace SO_(2).To meet the demand of long time and stable industrial applications,the H 2 O and SO_(2) poisoning resistances of methane combustion catalysts still need to be improved.In addition,this paper summarizes the recent research progress on active species and reaction mechanism for methane combustion,and then discusses the prospect of noble metal catalysts and non-noble metal catalysts for industrial applications and the future research directions for methane catalytic combustion.

关 键 词：甲烷催化燃烧 贵金属催化剂 非贵金属催化剂 活性物种 反应机理 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]