基于“双碳”目标的中国火力发电技术发展路径研究  

Research on the Development Path of China’s Thermal Power Generation Technology Based on the Goal of“Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutralization”

作　　者：张全斌 周琼芳 ZHANG Quanbin;ZHOU Qiongfang(Zhejiang Provincial Energy Group Company Ltd.,Hangzhou 310007,Zhejiang Province,China;China Energy Engineering Group Zhejiang Electric Power Design Institute Company Ltd.,Hangzhou 310012,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省能源集团有限公司,浙江省杭州市310007 [2]中国能源建设集团浙江省电力设计院有限公司,浙江省杭州市310012

出　　处：《发电技术》2023年第2期143-154,共12页Power Generation Technology

基　　金：浙江省能源集团有限公司战略研究项目(ZN-ZL-2020-012)。

摘　　要：火力发电是中国最主要的电力来源和CO_(2)排放来源,火力发电行业的CO_(2)减排是顺利实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标的重要保证。为了探究“双碳”背景下中国火力发电技术发展路径,结合中国火力发电行业发展历程以及中长期电力消费结构展望,预测中国火力发电技术将从注重高参数、高效率向调峰灵活性转变。针对超高参数火力发电技术、灵活性调峰技术,以及整合煤气化联合循环发电(integrated gasification combined cycle,IGCC)/煤气化燃料电池(integrated gasification fuel cell,IGFC)联合循环技术进行了探讨和研究,发现超高参数火力发电技术发展受限于耐高温材料,灵活性改造能有效延展火力发电技术的生命周期,认为IGCC/IGFC发电技术是兼具高效率、灵活性的洁净煤发电技术,并提出煤气(油)电一体化能源基地的应用场景。展望2060年,建议加强煤气化/净化技术、燃料电池发电技术、IGFC系统集成控制技术的研发,助力中国顺利实现碳中和。Thermal power generation is the largest source of electricity and CO_(2) emission in China.CO_(2) emission reduction in thermal power generation industry is an important guarantee for the smooth realization of the goal of“carbon peaking and carbon neutralization”.In order to explore the development path of China’s thermal power generation technology under the background of“carbon peaking and carbon neutralization”,combined with the analysis of development process of China’s thermal power generation industry and the prospect of China’s medium and long-term power consumption structure,we predicted that China’s thermal power generation technology will change from focusing on high parameter and high efficiency to peak shaving flexibility.Through the discussion and study of the ultra-high parameter thermal power generation technology,flexible peak shaving technology,IGCC/IGFC technology,it is found that the development of ultra-high parameter thermal power generation technology is limited by high temperature resistant materials.Moreover,the flexible transformation can effectively extend the life cycle of thermal power generation technology.IGCC/IGFC power generation technology was believed to be a clean-coal power generation technology with high efficiency and flexibility,and the application scenario of coal-gas(oil)-electricity integrated energy base was further proposed.Looking forward to 2060,it is suggested to strengthen the study of coal gasification/purification technology,fuel cell power generation technology and IGFC system integrated control technology,to help China achieve carbon neutralization.

关 键 词：火力发电 碳中和 先进超超临界燃煤机组 整体煤气化联合循环 煤气化燃料电池联合循环 洁净煤 

分 类 号：TK01[动力工程及工程热物理]