光杠杆测量液体流速方法探究  

Optical Lever Method to Measure Liquid Flow Velocity

作　　者：王铭洋 田彦姗 WANG Mingyang;TIAN Yanshan(North China University of Water Resources and Hydropower,Zhengzhou 450045,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学,河南郑州450045

出　　处：《流体测量与控制》2023年第2期7-10,共4页Fluid Measurement & Control

基　　金：“同伴教学法(PI)在大学物理实验中的研究与实践”项目;华北水利水电大学课程思政示范课程项目《大学物理实验》;华北水利水电大学课程思政专项“面向工程教育认证的电子信息类专业课程思政实施策略”;华北水利水电大学教改项目“同伴教学法(PI)在大学物理实验中的研究与实践”。

摘　　要：光杠杆放大原理广泛应用于对微小变化量的测量,也同样适用于液体液面下降速度的测量。根据流速与流量的关系,如果液体流速稳定不变,可由液面的下降速度表示。因此,液体液面的下降速度可以通过观察光杠杆放大原理记录望远镜内的刻度变化速度来测量,从而计算得到液体的流速。同时,本文还采用了油膜实验,用油膜前进的速度来测量液体流速,将2种方法形成对照,分别分析各自的特点,简要讲述了2种方法的测量原理及过程,并总结测量的局限性及优缺点。The principle of optical lever amplification is widely used in the measurement of small changes,as well as for the measurement of the descent speed of the liquid level.According to the relationship between the flow velocity and the flow rate,if the liquid flow velocity is stable,the flow velocity of the liquid can be expressed by the descent velocity of the liquid level.Therefore,we can record the velocity of the scale of the scale in the telescope,and then obtain the flow velocity of the liquid.In addition,the author also used the oil film experiment,with the speed of the oil film forward to measure the liquid flow rate,the two methods form a control,and analyze its characteristics respectively.This paper briefly describes the measurement principles and procedures of the two methods,and summarizes the measurement limitations and advantages and disadvantages.

关 键 词：液体流速 光杠杆放大原理 油膜 

分 类 号：TQ022.1[化学工程]