污水重金属离子选择性吸附的研究进展  

Research Progress on Selective Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions in Sewage

作　　者：周爱玲 贾爱忠 赵新强[1] 王延吉[1] ZHOU Ailing;JIA Aizhong;ZHAO Xinqiang;WANG Yanji(Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology&High Efficient Energy Saving,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学化工学院,绿色化工与高效节能河北省重点实验室,天津300130

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第9期46-55,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21236001,21076058);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(216Z3701G);天津市自然科学基金(15JCYBJC21000,18JCYBJC42600);河北省高校科学研究项目(QN2016152)。

摘　　要：重金属离子因具有生物不可降解性,对水环境系统和生态体系的污染严重威胁人类及其他动物的生命安全,已受到广泛关注。吸附法是一种操作简单、方便有效的方法,在污水重金属离子去除领域得到广泛研究,但多数工作主要关注吸附性能和去除效果。近年来,人们开始重视对污水中金属离子的回收再利用,因为这不仅能够缓解或解决环境污染,还可以实现废物的资源化利用,而吸附剂的选择性对目标金属离子的回收利用效果具有决定性作用。本文从软硬酸碱理论(HSAB)、离子印迹技术以及其他影响因素三个方面论述了污水中重金属离子选择性吸附的研究进展,详细总结了改善吸附剂选择性的方法并分析了当前存在的问题,最后对金属离子选择性吸附研究的发展方向进行了展望。The pollution of heavy metal ions on the water environment and ecological effect has posed a serious threat to human and animal health dueto their non-biodegradability.Therefore,humans have widely concerned about that problem.The adsorption method is a simple,convenient,and highly efficient method for removing metal ions from sewage,and a lot of research work has been done in this field,but most of them mainly focus on adsorption performance and removal efficiency.In recent years,some researchers begin to pay attention to the recycling and reuse of metal ions in sewage because it can not only resolve the problem of sewage but also facilitate the resource utilization of waste,giving a great significance.Moreover,the selectivity of the adsorbents plays a key role in the recycling of target metal ions.In this paper,we review the research progress of selective adsorption of heavy metal ions in sewage from three aspects of hard and soft acid-base theory(HSAB),ion imprinting technique,other influencing factors,and summarize the methods and the remaining problems of improving the selective properties of adsorbents in detail.Finally,we prospect the future development direction of selective adsorption of metal ions.

关 键 词：重金属离子 软硬酸碱理论 离子印迹 选择性吸附 

分 类 号：TQ424[化学工程]