计划烧除对云南松纯林林下植物的影响  

Effects of prescribed burning on understory plants of Pinus Yunnanensis pure forest

作　　者：李佳琳 龙腾腾 王劲[1,2] 王秋华 Li Jialin;Long Tengteng;Wang Jin;Wang Qiuhua(School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Yunnan Kunming 650224,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Early Warning and Control,Southwest Forestry University,Yunnan Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学土木工程学院,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2023年第3期392-396,共5页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家大学生创新创业项目(202210677026);西南林业大学森林生态大数据国家林业和草原局重点实验室开放课题(2022-BDG-05)。

摘　　要：为探究计划烧除对云南松纯林林下植物的影响,以云南省玉溪市新平县照壁山计划烧除后间隔3 a的云南松纯林为研究样地,以有无计划烧除为变量设置每组3个,共6个样地。通过外业调查、观测、采样、试验、对试验数据进行分析,探究是否计划烧除对林下可燃物物种变化、燃烧性以及火行为特征的影响。结果表明:计划烧除降低了云南松纯林草本层物种数量,但是对成熟的云南松生长状况影响很小,可通过计划烧除减少梯状可燃物数量;计划烧除恢复3 a后,林下可燃物燃点均降低,其中主要地表可燃物松针热值上升,灰分含量降低,变得更易燃;计划烧除可减少地表可燃物载量,减少火焰持续时间,降低火焰高度,能大大降低地表火蔓延速率,遏制树冠火发生的可能。With the purpose of evaluating the effect of prescribed burning on the burning performance of undergrowth plants of pure Pinus Yunnanensis forest,the pure Pinus Yunnanensis forest in Zhaobi mountain,Xinping County,Yuxi City,Yunnan Province,with an interval of three years after the planned burning was selected as the study plot.In this article,the three plots were set in each group with prescribed burning as the variable.Three sample plots were set in each group,resulting in a total of six sample plots.The study contains field investigation,observation,sampling,experiment,and analysis of experimental data.The influence of whether or not conducting prescribed burning on the characteristics of species change,combustibility and fire behavior of fuel under forest was explored、The research demonstrated that:The prescribed burning reduced the number of species in the herb layer of Yunnan Pine Pure Forest but had little impact on the growth status of mature Yunnan Pine,and the number of trapezoidal combustibles could be reduced by prescribed burning.After three years of planned burn recovery,the ignition point of combustibles under the forest has decreased.The calorific value of pine needles of the main surface combustibles has increased,the ash content has decreased,and it has become more flammable.Prescribed burning can decrease the surface combustible material load,reduce the flame duration and height,significantly reduce the spread rate of surface fire,and curb the possibility of canopy fire.

关 键 词：计划烧除 云南松 林下植物 燃烧性 火行为 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] S762[农业科学—森林保护学]