东亚乡村变迁的典型事实再审视--对中国乡村振兴的启示  

A Review of the Typical Facts of Rural Evolution in East Asia:Inspiration for Rural Revitalization in China

作　　者：刘守英[1] 陈航 Liu Shouying;Chen Hang

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学经济学院,北京100872

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（社会主义经济理论与实践）》2022年第11期141-155,共15页THE SOCIALIST ECONOMY:THEORY AND PRACTICE

摘　　要：城乡转型过程中如何促进城乡均衡发展、实现乡村现代化转型是中国乡村振兴函待突破的关键难题。为避免基于片面认识对乡村演变的一般性和特殊性产生误判,造成不可挽回的历史性错误,需要重新审视与中国票赋特征相似的东亚经济体乡村变迁的典型事实,理清东亚乡村转型的基本特征。研究发现,东亚城乡转型模式并非是依靠单向城市化的模式,而是更加注重城乡均衡发展,这一模式赋予了农民在城乡多样化的经济机会,有效规避了城乡差距的持续扩大,通过农业要素组合升级而非单一要素替代促进了农业发展,并且实现了村庄功能的存续和拓展。这一经验为正在推进的中国乡村振兴提供重要启示,一是通过城乡平衡发展缩小城乡差距,二是通过促进农业产业革命提升农业竞争力,三是通过城乡权利开放富裕农民,四是通过村庄的体面实现村庄在乡村振兴中的载体功能。How to promote the balanced development of urban and rural areas and realize the modernization of rural transformation is the key problem to be solved urgently in China's rural revitalization.In order to avoid misjudgment of the generality and particularity of rural transformation based on one-sided understanding,which leads to irrevers-ible historical mistakes.Therefore,it is necessary to reexamine the typical facts of rural transformation in East Asian economies with similar endowment characteristics to China,and clarify the basic characteristics of rural transformation in East Asia.This paper finds that East Asia does not rely on the one-way urbanization model,but pays more attention to the balanced development of urban and rural areas.This model gives farmers diversified economic opportunities,effectively avoids the continuous widening of the income gap between urban and rural areas,promotes the development of agriculture by upgrading the combination of agricultural elements rather than replacing a single element,and realizes the survival and expansion of village functions.This experience provides important inspiration for the ongoing rural revitalization in China.First,we should narrow the gap between urban and rural areas through balanced development between urban and rural areas;second,we'd better enhance agricultural competitiveness through promoting agricultural industrial revolution;third,we are supposed to enrich farmers through opening up the rights of urban and rural areas;and fourth,we have to maintain the dignity of the vllage to realize the carrier function of the village.

关 键 词：城乡差距 收入多元化 农业工业化 乡村变迁 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]