共同内群体认同对医患竞争受害感的影响及其机制  

Influence and mechanisms of common ingroup identity on competitive victimhood in doctor-patient relationships

作　　者：邓洵 龙思邑 沈依琳 赵欢欢 贺雯[1] DENG Xun;LONG Siyi;SHEN Yilin;ZHAO Huanhuan;HE Wen(College of Education,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China;Career guidance Center,Panzhihua University,Panzhihua,617000,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学教育学院,上海200234 [2]攀枝花学院就业指导中心,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《心理学报》2023年第5期752-765,共14页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“医患关系的影响机制和干预策略研究”(项目编号:17BSH093)资助。

摘　　要：本研究基于共同内群体认同模型,以医务人员和患者及家属为研究对象,考察了共同内群体认同对医患竞争受害感的影响及机制。预研究通过问卷调查证明了医患群体间存在竞争受害感;实验1采用共同内群体认同的操作范式,发现共同内群体认同能够有效减少医患双方的竞争受害感;实验2A进一步发现,权力需要在医方和患方共同内群体认同和竞争受害感之间起中介作用,而道德需要的中介作用不显著。实验2B采用更接近社会现实情境的重新范畴化范式,结果显示共同内群体认同的主效应不显著,但与群体身份的交互作用显著,仅医方权力需要的中介路径成立。本研究揭示了共同内群体认同不仅能够直接降低医患双方的竞争受害感,而且可以通过减少权力需要进一步降低竞争受害感,从群际角度为缓和医患之间的紧张关系提供了新的视角。Competitive victimhood is a psychological phenomenon pervasive on both sides of an intergroup conflict;it implies that one person believes their group suffers more than the other does.As one of the most prominent and growing barriers to positive intergroup relations globally,competitive victimhood has gradually attracted the attention of researchers.However,little research has been conducted on competitive victimhood in Chinese hospitals,where the doctor-patient relationship is increasingly tense.The common ingroup identity model holds that by reconstructing social identity and breaking the boundaries of conflict groups,members can develop a common ingroup identity.This identity improves attitudes toward outer groups,which may help reduce competitive victimhood.The need-based model argues that power and morality are ingroups and outgroups’basic needs.Members of both sides are threatened by power or morality and are motivated to restore their identities,affecting competitive victimhood.Therefore,it is worth studying whether common ingroup identity can effectively reduce competition victimization between doctors and patients and what roles power and moral needs play.In Study 1,90 doctors and nurses and 86 patients and their families from three hospitals in Shanghai and Sichuan were selected in a 2(group:doctors vs.patients)×2(common identity:control group vs.common ingroup identity)design.A brief story about doctors and patients fighting disease together was used to improve common ingroup identity.Then we used a questionnaire about competitive victimhood to investigate whether common ingroup identity affected competitive victimhood between doctors and patients.In Study 2A,another group of participants was selected,including 71 doctors and nurses along with 73 patients and their families from three hospitals in Shanghai and Sichuan.Participants underwent the same procedure as in Study 1,then completing the power and moral needs questionnaires.Study 2A aimed to investigate the influence of common ingroup identity

关 键 词：医患关系 竞争受害感 共同内群体认同 权力需要 道德需要 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]