颈动脉斑块易损性的评估与干预的研究进展  

Research advances in the evaluation and intervention of carotid plaque vulnerability

作　　者：林雨 王艳玲 Yu Lin;Yanling Wang(Chengde Medical College,Chengde 067000,China;Department of Neurology,Cangzhou People's Hospital,Cangzhou 061000,China)

机构地区：[1]承德医学院,河北承德067000 [2]沧州市人民医院神经内科,河北沧州061000

出　　处：《中华脑血管病杂志（电子版）》2023年第1期66-69,共4页Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：缺血性卒中(IS),又称脑梗死,是由局部缺血和缺氧造成的脑组织坏死,是当今世界对人类健康威胁较大的脑血管疾病之一,其致残率和病死率较为显著,最常见的病因是动脉粥样硬化性病变,颈动脉是最常受累血管之一。颈动脉粥样硬化性斑块是导致颈动脉狭窄甚至闭塞的重要原因,斑块的脂质核心坏死、纤维帽变薄、新生血管生成以及炎症反应明显等都会升高斑块的易损性。易损性斑块破裂后在表面形成的原位血栓以及由部分栓子脱落所导致的远端血栓,均会引起动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死的发生。因此,尽早发现易损性斑块并积极处理,对于改善IS的预后具有重要意义。本文总结以往实验研究,并对易损性斑块的评估方法及临床干预进行综述。Ischemic stroke(IS),also known as cerebral infarction,is the necrosis of brain tissue caused by local ischemia and hypoxia.It is one of the most threatening cerebraovascular diseases today,with significant disability and mortality.The most common cause is atherosclerotic lesions,and the carotid artery is one of the most frequently affected vessels.Carotid atherosclerotic plaque is an important cause of carotid artery stenosis or even occlusion.The plaque's lipid core necrosis,fibrous cap thinning,neovascularization,and significant inflammatory response will increase the vulnerability of the plaque.In situ thrombus formed on the surface of vulnerable plaque after rupture and distal thrombus caused by partial thrombus shedding can both cause atherosclerotic cerebral infarction.Therefore,early detection and active treatment of vulnerable plaque is of great significance for improving the prognosis of IS.This review summarizes previous experimental studies and reviews the evaluation methods and clinical intervention of vulnerable plaques.

关 键 词：易损性斑块 颈动脉粥样硬化性斑块 颈动脉粥样硬化性狭窄 缺血性卒中 

分 类 号：R543.4[医药卫生—心血管疾病]