云南省优质稻标准样品数据采集方法及应用研究  

Study on the Data Collection Method and Application of Standard Sample Database of Yunnan High-quality Rice

作　　者：管俊娇[1] 李小林[1] 奎丽梅[1] 谷安宇[1] 邓伟[1] 涂建[1] 管敏 张建华[1] GUAN Junjiao;LI Xiaolin;KUI Limei;GU Anyu;DENG Wei;TU Jian;GUAN Min;ZHANG Jianhua(Institute of Food Crops Research,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Shenzhen Promotion Center of Agricultural Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518040,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]深圳市农业科技促进中心,广东深圳518040

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2023年第3期11-21,共11页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202102AE090016);云南省科技人才与平台计划项目(202105AE160009)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索采集优质稻标准样品数据的方法,构建云南省优质稻品种的标准样品数据库,为优质稻品种真实性鉴定及提纯复壮提供技术支撑。【方法】以云恢290、滇屯502的原种及生产用种为研究材料,采用品种农艺性状调查、SSR分子标记构建指纹图谱、稻米品质检测等技术全面系统地描述优质稻品种的特征特性。【结果】利用12对分布在水稻12条染色体上的核心标记采集原种及生产用种的指纹图谱,结果云恢290和滇屯502的生产用种和原种的扩增产物均无差异,可用于云恢290和滇屯502的指纹图谱描述。采用12个核心标记对原种及生产用种随机抽取48个单株进行基因型一致性鉴定,云恢290原种、生产用种在12个标记中扩增产物大小一致,无异型株;滇屯502原种扩增产物整齐一致,无异型株,其生产用种有2个标记出现异带,有2个异型株。采用DUS测试方法采集17个DUS测试性状、4张植株部位图片,根据国家优质稻标准采集11个品质性状。【结论】以品种指纹图谱、DUS测试性状、植株部位图片、品质性状及商品信息5个要素作为数据库基础数据,借助计算机编程软件构建优质稻标准样品数据库。优质稻标准样品数据库的建立可以从基因水平、品种特征特性及外观对品种进行系统描述。【Objective】The method of collecting standard sample data of high-quality rice was explored in order to build a standard sample database of high-quality rice varieties in Yunnan Province and provide technical support for authenticity identification,purification and rejuvenation of high-quality rice varieties.【Method】The seeds for production and the stock seeds of Yunhui 290 and Diantun 502 were used as research materials.The characteristics of high-quality rice varieties were comprehensively and completely described by using techniques such as variety agronomic character investigation,SSR molecular marker construction fingerprint,rice quality detection.【Result】Twelve pairs of core markers on 12 chromosomes of rice were used to collect the fingerprints of the seeds for production and the stock seeds.The results showed that there was no difference between the seeds for production and the stock seeds of Yunhui 290 and Diantun 502,which could be used to describe the fingerprints of Yunhui 290 and Diantun 502.12 pairs of core markers were used to identify the genotype consistency of 48 individual plants randomly selected from the seeds for production and the stock seeds.The seeds for production and stock seeds of Yunhui 290 had the same amplification products in 12 markers,and there were no off-type.The band from the stock seeds of Diantun 502 were consistent,and there were no off-type.There were two markers with abnormal bands and two off-type in the seeds for production of Diantun 502.By using DUS test method,17 DUS test characters and 4 plant parts pictures were collected,and 11 quality characters were collected according to the national high quality rice standard.【Conclusion】With variety fingerprint,DUS test character,plant part picture,quality character and commodity information as five elements of the database,the standard sample database of high quality rice is built by computer programming software.The establishment of the standard sample database of high-quality rice can systematically describe

关 键 词：优质水稻 指纹图谱 表型性状 商品信息 数据库 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S127