从全要素生产率到全劳动生产率——中国全劳动生产率及其对增长的贡献率测算  

From Total Factor Productivity to Total Labor Productivity:Calculation of China's Total Labor Productivity and Its Contribution to Growth

作　　者：李帮喜 赵文睿 Li Bangxi;Zhao Wenrui

机构地区：[1]清华大学社会科学学院

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（统计与精算）》2022年第6期38-51,共14页STATISTICS AND ACTUARIAL SCIENCE

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(17BJL020);清华大学文科领军人才支持专项(2019THZWLJ30)的资助。

摘　　要：本文对全劳动生产率(TLP)的提出、发展与测算方法进行了详细介绍,之后在理论层面对全要素生产率(TFP)和TLP进行了对比,并以CIP数据为基础测算了1981-2010年中国37个行业的TLP增长率和TFP增长率,比较发现,不同方法测算TFP增长率所得结果在具体数值和分布上均有较大差异,并且数据间隔时长或缺失时长的增加会导致TFP增长率的低估;而TLP的测算是以全劳动量的计算为基础,其绝对数值不会随着方法的选择和数据的可获得性而产生较大差异,因此结果更为稳健。除此之外,本文具体分析了通过CIP数据测算所得的1981-2010年37个行业的全劳动生产率的变化趋势和8个行业大类对TLP增长的贡献率,以说明我国经济增长的来源,并在此基础上给出了相应的政策建议。In this paper,the proposal,development,and measurement methods of total labor productivity(TLP)are introduced in detail.Then the total factor productivity(TFP)and TLP are compared on the theoretical level.Based on CIP data,the growth rates of TLP and TFP of 37 industries in China from 1981 to 2010 are estimated.It is found that there are great differences in the absolute value and distribution of TFP growth rates calculated by different methods,and the increase of data interval or missing time will lead to the underestimate of TFP growth rate.However,the calculation of TLP is based on the calculation of total labor,whose absolute value does not vary greatly with the choice of method and the availability of data,so the results are more robust.In addition,this paper specifically analyzes the TLP change trend of 37 industries and the contribution rates of 8 industry categories to TLP growth from 1981 to 2010 calculated by CIP data,to explain the source of China's economic growth.On this basis,the corresponding policy suggestions are given.

关 键 词：全劳动生产率 全要素生产率 全劳动量 投入产出表 

分 类 号：F249.22[经济管理—劳动经济] F222.33[经济管理—国民经济]