戈壁荒漠浅覆盖区15万区域地质填图技术方法探索--以东天山哈密地区为例  

Exploration of 150000 geological mapping in Gobi desert shallow covered area:a practice in Hami area of East Tianshan

作　　者：康磊[1] 刘生荣[1] 张海迪[1] 王国灿[2] 郭伟立[1] 罗彦军[1] 任广利[1] 吕鹏瑞[1] 曹凯[1] KANG Lei;LIU Shengrong;ZHANG Haidi;WANG Guocan;GUO Weili;LUO Yanjun;REN Guangli;LYU Pengrui;CAO Kai(Centre of Orogenic Belt Geology,CGS/Key Laboratory for the Study of Focused Magmatism and Giant Ore Deposits,MNR/Xi'an Center,CGS,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,China;Institute of Geological Survey,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局造山带地质研究中心/自然资源部岩浆作用成矿与找矿重点实验室/中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心,陕西西安710054 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)地质调查研究院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《地质通报》2023年第4期616-630,共15页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目《东天山喀拉塔格-雅满苏一带戈壁荒漠浅覆盖区地质填图》(编号:DD20179607);《天山-北山成矿带那拉提-营毛沱一带地质矿产调查》(编号:DD20160009);《东天山昌吉-双沟山地区区域地质调查》(编号:DD20190370)、《西北地区区域基础地质调查》(编号:DD20221636);国家自然科学基金项目《西准噶尔克拉玛依岩体中多种岩浆混合产物的矿物成因及岩浆》(批准号:41202044)。

摘　　要：为了更好地服务生态文明建设和经济社会高质量发展,区域地质填图工作亟需从基岩区向盆山结合带、盆地等覆盖区进行拓展。戈壁荒漠浅覆盖区是研究中国北方中小城市和大城市边缘干旱区找水、隐伏区找矿、盆地基底性质、盆山耦合演化的关键地区,但一直缺乏针对性的区域地质填图技术方法。以东天山哈密地区觉罗塔格山与吐哈盆地结合部位的戈壁荒漠浅覆盖区为例,利用地质、物探、遥感、钻探等多技术手段,采用由“已知”到“未知”的思路,从调查内容、调查方法、技术手段、成果表达等方面,针对不同覆盖层深度、覆盖层结构和地质矿产目标,通过大量方法实验和实践,开展适用性、经济性和分辨率的综合分析,完善优化了地球物理和钻探的技术方法组合。利用GeoModeller软件,实现了戈壁荒漠浅覆盖区三维地质结构的可视化表达,建立了从地表、覆盖层到覆盖区基岩的立体式透明化的区域地质填图技术方法体系,查明了地质填图区域的三维地质结构及其成矿地质背景,满足戈壁荒漠浅覆盖区15万区域地质填图的目标,也为东天山大草滩断裂带性质、吐哈盆地基底性质及其中新生代盆地构造环境演化等关键地质问题提供了重要信息。In order to better serve the construction of ecological civilization and high-quality economic and social development,geological mapping is urgently needed to be expanded from the bedrock area to covered area containing the basin-mountain combination zone and basin cover areas.Gobi desert shallow covered area is the key for investigating water,prospecting in hidden areas,and studying basin base properties,basin-mountain tectonic relationships and evolution in the midde-small cities and margin of metropotis of North China.However,there has been lack of systematic geological mapping techniques and methods for Gobi desert shallow covered area.In this paper,taking the Gobi desert shallow cover area in the joint part of Jueluotage Mountain and Turpan-Hami Basin in Hami area of East Tianshan Mountains as an example,using multiple technical methods such as geology,geophysics,remote sensing and drilling,and adopting the idea from"known"to"unknown",the geological mapping technology method which consist of the content,method,technical means of geological survey and achievement expression is systematically summarized.In particular,on the basic of experiment and practice,for different cover depth,different cover structure and different geological and mineral targets,the combination of geophysical and drilling technology were summed up on the main evaluation indicators of applicability,economy and resolution.Moreover,by GeoModeller software,the technical method of 3D geological structure modeling was explored in Gobi desert cover.Through the above work,a three-dimensional and transparent geological survey technology and method system has been established from the surface,the overburden and the bedrock,and the geological structure and its metallogenic geological background have been identified,which fully meet the expected goal of 150000 regional geological mapping in Gobi desert shallow covered area.At the same time,it provides important information for the nature of the Dacaotan fault zone,the structural evolution of the Tur

关 键 词：浅覆盖区 戈壁荒漠 区域地质填图 技术方法 东天山 地质调查工程 

分 类 号：P62[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]