深孔镗削加工颤振的多传感器监测与时域特征分析研究  

Research on Multi Sensor Monitoring and Time Domain Characteristic Analysis of Chatter in Deep Hole Boring

作　　者：李龙[1] 张海安 宋则进[1] 陈掣 刘志兵[2] LI Long;ZHANG Hai’an;SONG Zejin;CHEN Che;LIU Zhibing(MCC Capital Engineering&Research Incorporation Limited,Beijing 100176,China;School of Mechanics and Vehicles,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中冶京诚工程技术有限公司,北京100176 [2]北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京100081

出　　处：《新技术新工艺》2023年第3期63-68,共6页New Technology & New Process

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52075042)。

摘　　要：深孔零件广泛应用于国家重点行业,对于精密高效加工工艺、专用刀具设计制造、加工误差在线检测与控制提出了极高要求。加工状态监控是在线抑制加工颤振、提升加工过程可靠性的有效途径。采用电涡流位移传感器、振动加速度传感器和声压传感器,提出一套可行的镗孔颤振监测方案并采集相关信号,研究表明:通过时域图和频域谱阵分析稳定加工阶段、过渡阶段和颤振产生阶段的信号直观变化规律;采用EMD信号分解实现信号的预处理,提取每个IMF分量的能量占比,根据能量占比选取前5阶IMF分量代替原有信号,消除无用的低频噪声,实现信号的去噪;综合考虑均方根、绝对平均值、方根幅值、方差、偏度、峭度、峭度指标等时域特征与频域特征,得到了颤振产生与信号特征之间的关系,随着颤振的产生与幅值相关的时域特征呈现上升趋势;功率谱熵、分形维数和L-Z复杂度指标呈现下降趋势。Deep hole parts were widely used in national key industries,which put forward high requirements for precision and efficient machining technology,special tool design and manufacturing,on-line detection and control of machining error.Machining condition monitoring was an effective way to suppress machining chatter and improve the reliability of machining process.The eddy current displacement sensor,vibration acceleration sensor and sound pressure sensor were used to propose a set of feasible boring chatter monitoring scheme and collect relevant signals.The research showed that through the time-domain diagram and frequency-domain spectral array,the intuitive change law of signals was analyzed in stable machining stage,transition stage and chatter generation stage.EMD signal decomposition was used to realize signal preprocessing,extract the energy proportion of each IMF component,and we selected the first five IMF components to replace the original signal according to the energy proportion,so as to eliminate useless low-frequency noise and realize signal denoising.Considering the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics such as root mean square,absolute mean value,root square amplitude,variance,skewness,kurtosis,kurtosis index and so on,and the relationship between flutter generation and signal characteristics was obtained.With the generation of chatter,the time-domain characteristics related to amplitude showed an upward trend,and power spectrum entropy,fractal dimension and L-Z complexity index showed a downward trend.

关 键 词：深孔镗削 加工颤振 多传感器监测 时域特征 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]