基于数字图像技术的土壤孔隙结构定量研究进展  

Quantification of Soil Pore Structure Based on Digital Image Technology:A Review

作　　者：张靖[1,2] 陈琳 周虎[3] 马东豪 黄平 ZHANG Jing;CHEN Lin;ZHOU Hu;MA Donghao;HUANG Ping(Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment,Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China;Chongqing School,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China;College of Land Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100091,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水库水环境重点实验室,中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院,重庆400714 [2]中国科学院大学重庆学院,重庆400714 [3]中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院,北京100091 [4]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008

出　　处：《土壤》2023年第1期21-29,共9页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41771266);三峡后续工作规划项目(5000002021BF40001);中国科学院西部青年学者项目(202082)资助。

摘　　要：土壤孔隙结构是土壤孔隙的形态大小、数量搭配和空间分布状况的综合反映,其结构的复杂性和异质性决定着土壤水分迁移、气体扩散和生物活动等过程。近年来数字图像技术的发展虽然实现了土壤孔隙结构的直接可视化和定量化,但孔隙提取的精度仍然受采样方法、设备分辨率和分割技术的限制。本文基于现有土壤孔隙研究方法的发展历程,以图像获取、图像分割和量化分析为主线,综述了当前常用土壤孔隙研究方法(间接法和直接法)的基本原理、主要步骤和优缺点,剖析了从图像中提取孔隙结构的分割技术,概括了孔隙结构的常用量化指标,最后针对现有研究方法存在的问题和不足,对未来研究方法的发展方向进行了展望。Soil pore structure is a comprehensive reflection of the shape,number and spatial distribution of soil pores.The complexity and heterogeneity of pore structure determine the processes of soil water movement,gas diffusion and biological activities.In recent years,the development of digital image technology has directly visualized and quantified pore structure,but the accuracy of pore extraction is still limited by sampling method,equipment resolution and segmentation technology.Based on the development history of existing soil pore research methods,taking image acquisition,image segmentation and quantitative analysis as the main line,this paper summarizes the basic principles,main steps,advantages and disadvantages of current commonly used pore research methods(indirect method and direct method),analyzes the segmentation technology of extracting pore structure from images,summarizes the common quantitative indicators of pore structure,and finally aims at the problems and shortcomings of existing research methods,the development direction of future research methods is prospected.

关 键 词：土壤孔隙 土壤结构 数字图像 图像分析 分割算法 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]