中国两轮电动车废电池回收现状研究  

Research on recycling of waste batteries of two-wheeled electric mopeds in China:state of the art

作　　者：董悦 郭晓玲 何叶 曹国庆 DONG Yue;GUO Xiaoling;HE Ye;CAO Guoqing(Alliance of Technological Innovation in Compulsory Resources Recycling Industry,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]北京资源强制回收环保产业技术创新战略联盟,北京100085

出　　处：《电池工业》2023年第2期102-108,共7页Chinese Battery Industry

摘　　要：2021年,我国两轮电动车市场保有量达到3.4亿台,突破新高,两轮电动车用废电池回收利用情况引发关注。本文研究了两轮电动车应用场景、回收模式、废电池产生量以及行业存在的问题。两轮电动车主要有个人出行、共享出行、即时配送三大应用场景,车辆使用占比分别为96.8%、2.3%、0.9%。两轮电动车用电池主要包括铅蓄电池和锂离子电池两种。废电池回收模式主要包括企业主导型和市场驱动型。其中,铅蓄电池回收模式企业主导型以生产企业为主;锂离子电池回收模式企业主导型以应用企业为主,一般多为换电企业。使用的锂离子电池规格相对统一,集中回收管理有利于废电池梯次利用和资源回收,建议出台政策支持换电企业发展,鼓励换电模式在个人出行场景有更多推广应用。In 2021,China’s electric moped market reached 340 million units,breaking through a new high,and the recycling of waste batteries has attracted much attention.This paper studies the application scenarios,recycling modes,amount of waste batteries,and existing problems.Electric mopeds mainly have three application scenarios:personal travel,shared travel,and instant delivery,accounting for 96.8%,2.3%,and 0.9%,respectively.Batteries for electric mopeds mainly include lead-acid batteries and lithium-ion batteries.The waste battery recycling modes mainly includes company-led and market-driven.The company-led in lead-acid battery recycling is dominated by production enterprises;The company-led in lithium battery recycling is dominated by application enterprises,and most of the enterprises that provide battery exchange services.The relative uniformity of battery specifications and centralized recycling management is beneficial for the echelon utilization and resource recovery of waste lithium batteries.It is recommended that policies support the development of battery exchange enterprises and the promotion and application of battery exchange mode in the general public consumption.

关 键 词：两轮电动车 铅蓄电池 锂离子电池 回收 换电模式 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]