中共党内训练方式的提出与实践——以广东党、团组织为考察中心(1921—1926)  

The Proposal and Practice of Training Methods Within the CPC--Centered on the Party and League Organizations of the CPC in Guangdong(1921-1926)

作　　者：许良 Xu Liang

机构地区：[1]复旦大学马克思主义学院,上海200443

出　　处：《苏区研究》2023年第2期39-52,共14页

摘　　要：五四运动后,具有共产主义觉悟的青年开始进入中共党组织。在1920年代,对于这个新兴的革命政党而言,如何提升各地成员的纪律性与战斗力成为当时亟需解决的问题。在此背景下,中共开始着手制定党、团内部的训练规范。具体而言,中共在建立之初时,明确规定将各级代表大会作为训练成员的主要方式,同时规定将“小组”作为日常教育和规训党、团员的核心场所。然而,在地方实践过程中,随着组织规模的不断扩大,中共对于党、团员的教育训练工作不断遭受冲击和挑战。以广东为例,国共合作开始后,区委领导忽视训练任务;支部书记指导能力不足;一般党、团员抵触训练工作等现象时有发生。针对党内训练在地方实践中所暴露出的问题,中共及时对已有训练方式进行了补充和完善,特别提出增设“训练班”“支部书记联席会”“支部批评会”等,这体现出中共党内训练方式的提出与形成过程具有相当务实性、灵活性的特点。After the May Fourth Movement,young people with communist consciousness began to enter the CPC organization.In the 1920s,for this emerging revolutionary organization,how to improve the discipline and combat effectiveness of members everywhere became an urgent problem at that time.In this context,the CPC began to develop training norms within the party and the league.Specifically,when the CPC was first established,it was clearly stipulated that congresses at all levels would be the main way to train members,and that the"group"should be used as the core venue for daily education and training of party and league members.However,in the course of local practice,as the size of the organization continued to expand,the CPC's education and training of party and league members was constantly under attack and challenged.Taking Guangdong as an example,after the start of Kuomintang-Communist cooperation,phenomena such as the leaders of the district committee ignoring the training task;inadequate guidance ability of branch secretaries;general party and league members'resistance to training work,occur from time to time.In response to the problems exposed in local practice of training within the CPC,the CPC has promptly supplemented and improved existing training methods,especially proposing to add"training classes","joint meetings of branch secretaries",and"branch criticism meetings",which reflects the characteristics of considerable pragmatism and flexibility in the process of proposing and forming training methods within the CPC.

关 键 词：广东党 团组织 组织教育训练 训练班 支部训练 

分 类 号：D231[政治法律—政治学]