居民自评健康的城乡差异及其影响因素——基于2017年CGSS数据的分析  

Urban-rural Differences and Influencing Factors of Residents'Self-assessment of Health:An Analysis Based on 2017 CGSS Data

作　　者：徐宏[1] 周钰山 何福逵 王茜[1] XU Hong;ZHOU Yu-shan;HE Fu-kui;WANG Qian(School of Public Health and Wellness,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北医药学院公共卫生与健康学院,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《湖北医药学院学报》2023年第2期178-183,共6页Journal of Hubei University of Medicine

基　　金：湖北省普通高等学校人文社科重点研究基地开放基金项目(2022YB011)。

摘　　要：目的:通过中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据分析中国居民自评健康的城乡差异及其影响因素,为缩小城乡居民健康差异,推动健康公平提供参考依据。方法:收集2017年CGSS数据库中18~65岁居民的人口学信息、生活方式和自评健康相关资料,应用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析和Fairlie分解法,分析城镇、乡村居民自评健康的差异及影响因素。结果:共纳入28个省(自治区、直辖市)9563人的健康资料,平均年龄为(45.06±13.06)岁,5620人自评健康,自评健康率为58.8%;城镇居民自评健康率为64.7%,高于乡村居民自评健康的47.9%,城乡居民自评健康状况差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=254.682,P<0.001)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果均显示,男性、受教育水平高、经济状况好以及参加体育锻炼和上网的自评健康较好,年龄在46~65岁的自评健康较差。Fairlie分解得出,18~65岁人口自评健康状况之间存在的城乡差异,主要受社会经济地位、生活方式和年龄的影响(P均<0􀆰001),贡献率分别为37.93%、26.13%、22.72%。结论:基于CGSS数据分析发现城镇人口的自评健康率显著高于乡村人口,社会经济地位、生活方式与居民自评健康的城乡差异显著相关。Objective Based on the China General Social Survey(CGSS)data,this paper analyzed the urban-rural differ⁃ences in self-assessed health of Chinese residents and its influencing factors,so as to provide a reference for reducing the health differences between urban and rural residents and promoting health equity􀆰Methods Collect demography informa⁃tion,lifestyle and self-assessment health related data of residents aged 18~65 in CGSS database in 2017,and analyze the differences and influencing factors of urban and rural residents'self-assessment health by using multifactor unconditional lo⁃gistic regression analysis and Fairlie decomposition method.Results A total of 9,563 health data from 28 provinces(auton⁃omous regions and municipalities)were included,with an average age of 45.06±13.06 years.5620 people rated themselves as healthy,with a self-assessment health rate of 58.8%.The self rated health rate of town residents was 64.7%,which was higher than the 47.9%self rated health rate of rural residents.There was a statistically significant difference in self rated health status between urban and rural residents(χ2=254.682,P<0.001).The results of multi-factor unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that those who were male,had high education level,good economic status,and participated in physical exercise and surfing the Internet had better self-rated health,while those aged 46-65 had poor self-rated health.Fairlie decomposition showed that the urban-rural differences between the self-rated health status of the 18-65-year-old population were mainly affected by socioeconomic status,lifestyle and age(all P<0.001),and the contribution rates were 37.93%,26.13%and 22.72%,respectively.Conclusions Based on CGSS data analysis,it was found that the self-rated health rate of urban population was significantly higher than that of rural population,and socioeconomic status and lifestyle were significantly correlated with the urban and rural differences in residents'self-rated health.

关 键 词：自评健康状况 城乡差异 Fairlie分解 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]