茶轮斑病病原菌的分离鉴定及其拮抗菌筛选  

Identification of pathogen from tea leaves with gray blight disease and screening of biocontrol strain

作　　者：杨学宇 谭琳[3] 张玉丹 杨艺帅 邓玉莲 任佐华[3] 胡秋龙 YANG Xueyu;TAN Lin;ZHANG Yudan;YANG Yishuai;DENG Yulian;REN Zuohua;HU Qiulong(Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;College of PlantProtection,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]茶学教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙410128 [3]湖南农业大学植物保护学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期195-200,共6页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划项目(2022NK2051);湖南省科技创新重大专项(2021NK1020)。

摘　　要：从湖南省武陵山区4个茶叶种植基地采集茶轮斑病病叶,采用组织分离法对病原菌进行分离,通过致病性、形态学、分子生物学鉴定,确定病原菌为茶拟盘多毛孢(Pseudopestalotiopsis theae)。以病原菌为指示菌,采用平板对峙法从病叶中筛选得到效果最佳的拮抗菌kc-6,抑菌率为79.86%,经鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。分析拮抗菌对病原菌菌丝生长的抑制效果,对茶树离体叶片的防效、继代培养稳定性以及对10种作物病原菌的拮抗效果进行评价。结果表明:拮抗菌kc-6可使茶轮斑病病原菌菌丝萎缩变细,部分膨大;其发酵液原液、稀释10倍液和100倍液对茶树离体叶片的防效分别为72.73%、52.55%、3.03%;连续转接培养25次后的抑菌率仍保持70.33%;kc-6菌株对10种作物病原真菌均有抑制效果,其中对茄子褐纹病菌(Phomopsis vexans)、黄瓜枯萎病菌(Phytophthora melonis)、茭白镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum)的抑制效果较好,抑制率分别为83.00%、80.00%、76.00%。The pathogen was isolated and purified from diseased leaves collected from 4 tea-producing bases and identified as Pseudopestalotiopsis theae by morphological and molecular biological identification plus pathogencity test.The identified pathogen was used as indicators to screen the antagonistic strain from diseased leaves by plate confrontation method.Strain kc-6 with the strongest antagonistic effect was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the antifungal rate was 79.86%.The antagonistic ability of strain kc-6 was further investigated by analyzing pathogen mycelial growth,in vitro inhibitory effect on the pathogen,subculture stability of strain kc-6 and the antagonistic effect on 10 pathogens.The result showed that strain kc-6 can cause the pathogenic fungal mycelium to shrivel up and become thin and partially expanded;the relative inhibition rate of original fermentation broth,the 10 times diluted fermentation broth and the 100 times diluted fermentation broth of strain kc-6 to Pseudopestalotiopsis theae were 72.73%,52.55%and 3.03%respectively;the inhibition rate of strain kc-6 remained at 70.33%after subcultured 25 times;strain kc-6 could inhibit 10 tested pathogens and the inhibition rate against Phomopsis vexans,Phytophthora melonis and Fusarium graminearum were 83.00%,80.00%and 76.00%,respectively.

关 键 词：茶轮斑病 茶拟盘多毛孢 解淀粉芽孢杆菌 生物防治 

分 类 号：S435.711[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]