利用单向多普勒确定“天问一号”轨道  

Orbit determination of Tianwen-1 with one-way Doppler

作　　者：孔静[1,2] 张宇 段建锋[1,2] 陈略 王宏[3] 樊敏 KONG Jing;ZHANG Yu;DUAN Jianfeng;CHEN Lue;WANG Hong;FAN Min(Beijing Aerospace Control Center,Beijing 100094,China;Science and Technology on Aerospace Flight Dynamics Laboratory,Beijing 100094,China;Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天飞行控制中心,北京100094 [2]航天飞行动力学技术重点实验室,北京100094 [3]北京跟跟与通信技术研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《测绘学报》2023年第4期588-595,共8页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

摘　　要：“天问一号”任务中,单向多普勒轨道确定在我国深空探测任务中得到首次实际应用。本文提出了基于单向多普勒的“天问一号”轨道确定方法。首先对单向多普勒进行观测建模和误差理论分析,然后利用“天问一号”中继轨道段的单向多普勒进行定轨计算,最后使用定轨结果与基准轨道的星历进行比较及重叠弧段轨道比较两种方法,分析仅利用单向多普勒的定轨精度,验证了单向多普勒的定轨能力。分析表明,星载频率源的不稳定和太阳相位闪烁噪声是影响单向多普勒测速精度的主要误差源,“天问一号”中继轨道段,仅利用单向多普勒数据可以实现优于1 km的定轨精度,这为未来我国更遥远的深空探测任务实施提供了重要技术存储。Precision orbit determination of Tianwen-1 using one-way Doppler is a first trial in deep space exploration of China.In this paper,a method of orbit determination with one-way Doppler is proposed.Firstly,the observation model of one-way Doppler is established and the theoretical error is analyzed.Secondly,the orbit determination of Tianwen-1 is carried out using one-way Doppler during the relay orbit phase.The orbital accuracy is evaluated in two ways,the first one is orbital comparison with precision orbit determined using UXB and VLBI,the second one is overlap comparison.The results show that the instability of ultra-stable oscillator and phase scintillation error are the main error sources that affect the accuracy of one-way Doppler measurement.The orbital accuracy can be better than 1 km using only one-way Doppler during the relay phase,and can provide important support for China s future deep space exploration missions.

关 键 词：“天问一号” 单向多普勒 轨道确定 误差分析 定轨精度 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]