真空断路器触头弹跳规律分析及参数优化  

Analysis and parameter optimization of contact bounce of vacuum circuit breaker

作　　者：李哲 王发展[1] 黄克鹏 李汶轩 LI Zhe;WANG Fazhan;HUANG Kepeng;LI Wenxuan(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学机电工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation》2023年第2期226-232,共7页测试科学与仪器（英文版）

基　　金：Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2011J2009)。

摘　　要：在综合考虑非线性绝缘拉杆力和触头碰撞接触力的基础上,建立了ZN63A-12真空断路器触头系统在合闸过程中的振动数学模型,利用MATLAB对其求解得到了触头的碰撞接触弹跳规律与影响参数,并引入遗传算法对断路器触头系统进行优化。结果表明:触头合闸过程有两次明显的弹跳,并得出了弹跳规律,幅度与周期由触头质量、系统阻尼与弹簧刚度所决定。算法优化后,合闸所需时间与弹跳总时间分别缩短为37.90 ms和0.901 ms,最大振幅减小到0.061 mm,触头弹跳时间和最大振幅分别降低了61.4%和82.8%。同时,使用断路器动特性测试仪进行实验,将计算结果与测量结果进行对比,两者高度一致,验证了振动数学模型及理论计算的准确性。A mathematical vibration model of the contact system is established during the closing process,considering the nonlinear insulating pull rod force and the contact force of the contact collision.The contacting rules and influencing parameters of the contact bounce are obtained by using MATLAB.The genetic algorithm is introduced to optimize the circuit breaker contact system.The results show that there are two obvious bounces during the closing process of the contact,and bounce rules are obtained.The vibration amplitude and period are determined by the contact quality,system damping and spring stiffness.After algorithm optimization,the closing time and the total bounce time are reduced to 37.90 ms and 0.901 ms.The maximum amplitude is reduced to 0.061 mm.The contact bounce time and maximum amplitude are reduced by 61.4%and 82.8%.Finally,the dynamic and characteristical tester of circuit breaker is used to conduct experiments,and the calculated results are compared with the measured results.They are highly consistent,which verifies the accuracy of the mathematical vibration model and theoretical calculations.

关 键 词：断路器 触头弹跳 振动数学模型 弹跳规律 算法优化 

分 类 号：TM561.2[电气工程—电器]