二氧化碳跨临界循环热泵的应用与发展  

Application and development of CO_(2)transcritical cycle heat pumps

作　　者：李敏霞[1] 侯焙然 王派[1] 董丽玮 田华[1] LI Minxia;HOU Beiran;WANG Pai;DONG Liwei;TIAN Hua(Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Medium and Low Temperature Heat Energy,Ministry of Education,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学中低温热能高效利用教育部重点实验室,天津300350

出　　处：《综合智慧能源》2023年第4期12-18,共7页Integrated Intelligent Energy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFF0306801)。

摘　　要：在碳达峰、碳中和背景下,采用自然工质的CO_(2)热泵更加符合绿色低碳的要求。介绍了国内外CO_(2)热泵应用与研究现状。CO_(2)热泵热水器与传统电热水器相比,CO_(2)排放量减少40%,其最大优势在于,以较大温升保持较高的换热效率。在室外温度较低的情况下,通过使用CO_(2)热泵,铁路沿线和北方农村地区能出产满足要求的热水并具有较高的全年能效比。一些企业已完成CO_(2)车载空调的研发,并已基本实现量产。CO_(2)热泵干燥与传统的电热干燥技术相比,节能率高达55%。CO_(2)热泵技术将是未来研究环保低碳新技术的热点,将在我国碳达峰、碳中和事业中发挥关键作用。Under the background of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,the application of heat pumps with natural working medium CO_(2)as refrigerant is more in line with the new requirements of green development and environmental protection.Comparing the status of overseas and domestic researches on CO_(2)heat pumps in different scenarios,it is found out that CO_(2)emissions from a CO_(2)heat pump water heater is 40%lower than that from a traditional electric water heater.The most prominent advantage of a CO_(2)heat pumps is the significant temperature rise which leads to high working efficiency.In low outdoor temperatures,CO_(2)heat pumps can satisfy the hot water demands of users along railways and in rural areas of northern China with high annual energy efficiency ratios.CO_(2)on-board air conditioners have been developed and basically into mass production.Compared with a traditional electric dryer,a CO_(2)heat pump dryer can save energy by 55%at most.CO_(2)heat pump technology will be a hot spot in the future research on environmental protection and low-carbon technologies,and will play a key role in China's"dual carbon"target.

关 键 词：CO_(2)热泵 跨临界循环 供热 制冷 碳中和 

分 类 号：TK[动力工程及工程热物理]