基于AVMD和二阶FWEO的滚动轴承故障诊断  

Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on Adaptive Variational Mode Decomposition and Second-Order Frequency-Weighted Energy Operator

作　　者：王琇峰[1] 文俊 倪泽行 吴任穷 WANG Xiufeng;WEN Jun;NI Zexing;WU Renqiong(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi′an Jiaotong University Xi′an,710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2023年第2期246-253,406,共9页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金资助项目(U2267206)。

摘　　要：针对滚动轴承振动信号中常包含有谐波、高斯白噪声和非周期性瞬态冲击成分,导致故障特征提取困难的问题,提出一种基于自适应的变分模态分解(adaptive variational mode decomposition,简称AVMD)和二阶频率加权能量算子(second-order frequency weighted energy operator,简称SFWEO)的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。首先,根据不同的信号自适应地确定模式数和惩罚因子,利用参数优化的变分模态分解(variational mode decomposition,简称VMD)对原始信号进行分解,得到多个本征模式函数(instrinsic mode function,简称IMF);其次,计算每个IMF的时频加权峭度,根据时频加权峭度最大化准则选择最佳IMF;最后,采用二阶频率加权能量算子对最佳IMF进行解调。仿真和试验结果表明,所提方法克服了传统VMD算法分解精度受参数影响较大导致信号出现过分解或欠分解的问题,同时二阶频率加权能量算子对信号中的干扰成分具有很好的抑制作用,有效提高了诊断正确率。In view of the problem that the vibration signal of rolling bearing often contains harmonics,Gaussian white noise and non-periodic transient impact components,which makes it difficult to extract fault features,a fault diagnosis method is proposed based on the combination of adaptive variational mode decomposition(AVMD)and second-order frequency weighted energy operator(SFWEO).The method firstly determines the number of modes and penalty factors adaptively according to different signals,and decomposes the original signal with parameter-optimized variational mode decomposition(VMD)to obtain multiple instrinsic mode function(IMF).Secondly,the time-frequency weighted kurtosis of each mode component is calculated to select the best IMF according to the time-frequency weighted kurtosis maximization criterion.Finally,the second-order frequency weighted energy operator is used to demodulate the best IMF.Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method overcomes the problem that the resolution accuracy of the traditional VMD algorithm is greatly affected by the parameters,which leads to the signal over-decomposition or under-decomposition.At the same time,the second-order frequency-weighted energy operator has a good suppression effect on the interference components in the signal,and effectively improves the diagnostic accuracy.

关 键 词：滚动轴承 故障诊断 变分模态分解 二阶频率加权能量算子 

分 类 号：TH133[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH17