地铁列车进出站振源特征测试及数值模拟分析  

In-situ Test and Numerical Simulation of Characteristics of Vibration Source of Metro Trains Arriving at or Leaving Station

作　　者：邬玉斌 宋瑞祥 江楠[2] 吴雅南 WU Yubin;SONG Ruixiang;JIANG Nan;WU Ya′nan(Institute of Urban Safety and Environmental Science,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology Beijing,100054,China;Beijing Municipal Institute of Environmental Protection Beijing,100037,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市科学技术研究院城市安全与环境科学研究所,北京100054 [2]北京市环境保护科学研究院,北京100037

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2023年第2期282-289,408,409,共10页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：北京市科学技术研究院青年学者资助项目(YS202102);北京市科学技术研究院改革发展培育资助项目(PY2020AQ01);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(8192013)。

摘　　要：为分析地铁列车进出车站振动源强规律特征及数值模拟方法,以某地铁车站为研究对象,对列车进出站引起的钢轨和车站壁面振动加速度进行了原位测试,结果表明:列车进站时,振动源强由进站端向出站端逐渐减小,车站两端壁面振动加速度级相差可达20 dB;列车出站时,出站端振动响应大于进站端,列车进出站变速运行对钢轨和车站壁面振动加速度频谱特征影响不明显,车站壁面加速度频率主要集中在30~60 Hz。基于实测数据,给出了车站内列车进出站钢轨振动变化公式,建立了考虑列车进出站运行状态和振源强度变化修正的列车轮轨力荷载模型及施加方法。计算与实测结果对比表明:该计算方法具有较好的计算精度,车站壁面加速度级计算误差小于6%。In order to analyze the characteristics of vibration source of metro trains arriving at or leaving station,a subway station is taken as the research object.The vibration acceleration of rail and station wall during metro train arriving at or leaving station is tested in situ.Results show that the vibration acceleration level of rail and station sidewall gradually decreases from the entrance end to the exit end of the station when the train enters.In addition,the difference of average vibration acceleration level of the side walls is about 20 dB.On the contrary,the vibration at the exit end is greater than that at the entrance end when the train leaves the station.The influence of metro train arriving and leaving the station on the frequency characteristics of rail and side wall acceleration is not obvious,and the acceleration frequency of station wall is mainly concentrated in 30~60 Hz.Based on the measured data,the variation formulas of vibration intensity are obtained by fitting,and the wheel-rail force load model and its application method are established considering the influence of vibration source intensity change caused by train arriving at or leaving station.This method has good accuracy in frequency domain and acceleration level,and the calculation error of acceleration level of the station sidewall can be controlled within 6%.

关 键 词：地铁 振动 原位测试 数值模拟 轮轨力 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TB533[理学—物理]