中国当代话剧英雄之死的悲剧价值  

Tragic Value of Heroic Death in Contemporary Drama of China

作　　者：张福贵[1] 薛泽希 ZHANG Fu-gui;XUE Ze-xi(College of Humanities,Jilin University,Changchun 130015,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学文学院,吉林长春130015

出　　处：《东北师大学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第3期106-113,共8页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(18CZW041)。

摘　　要：中国当代话剧中的英雄形象塑造是话剧舞台上一个长期的主要创作内容。1980年代以前,对于英雄人物的悲剧性塑造大多是回避的,不太直接描写主要英雄人物的死亡过程,而大多采取了间接接触死亡的表现方式,使得英雄形象的塑造更接近完美甚至走向神圣化。1980年代以降,这种情况开始逐渐发生变化,话剧舞台在表现英雄的崇高与伟大的同时亦关注英雄人物的死亡及其悲剧性。在英雄面临以生命赴使命的抉择的同时,也适当表现英雄对个体生命消逝的悲伤以及对亲情、爱情的留恋等情感,而这些情感进一步突显了英雄牺牲悲剧的真实性。受到悲剧性变化的影响,英雄的悲剧价值实现也从以往剧作的形象神圣化、死亡浪漫化,而转向日常化和人性化,增加了真实性和感染力。尤其是21世纪以来的剧作,在人物塑造上增加了许多生活细节包括性格上弱点的描写,使得英雄形象更加丰满。这种平凡化走向,拉近了观众与舞台形象之间的距离,使英雄的悲剧更加具有感染力,同时也具有普遍的人生感召意义。The hero image-building is a perennial maincreation content in contemporary Chinese drama.Before the 1980s,the tragedy of a hero,such as his death,was seldom manifested.Instead,the author preferred to depict his perception of death by describing the death of others to perfect and even sanctify him.The situation has gradually changed since the 1980s.Rather than showing the sublimity and greatness of heroes only,the stage of drama demonstrates their death and tragedy simultaneously.The sorrow of the death and the nostalgia for family and love are presented appropriately when a hero is in a dilemma of whether to accomplish the mission at the cost of life,which further highlights the authenticity of tragic sacrifice.Affected by tragic changes,the realization of the tragic value of heroes has also changed from the image sanctification and romanticization of death to ordinary and humanization,which has increased authenticity and appeal.Especially since the new century,more details of life have been utilized to shape the characters,including the description of personality weaknesses,hence the image of hero is more rounded.The hero s tragedy becomes more infectious with the trend of trivialization,while the distance between the audience and the stage image is narrowed.Besides,it inspires us to reflect on the intrinsic meaning of life.

关 键 词：话剧 英雄 死亡 悲剧价值 

分 类 号：J824[艺术—戏剧戏曲]