陕北沙区长柄扁桃害虫种类及危害调查  

Investigation on the species and harm of pests on Amygdalus pedunculatus in the sandy area of northern Shaanxi Province of northwestern China

作　　者：阎雄飞[1] 王庭昊 史腾 杨涛 李刚[1] 郑晰 Yan Xiongfei;Wang Tinghao;Shi Teng;Yang Tao;Li Gang;Zheng Xi(Life and Science College,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,Shaanxi,China;Shaanxi Academy of Forestry Sciences,Xi’an 710082,Shaanxi,China;Suide Normal School,Yulin University,Yulin 718000,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]榆林学院生命科学学院,陕西榆林719000 [2]陕西省林业科学院,陕西西安710082 [3]榆林学院绥德师范校区,陕西榆林718000

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2023年第4期70-77,共8页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划一般项目(2023-YBNY-006);陕西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202111395044);陕西省科技计划项目特色产业创新链(群)(2019TSLNY03-03);榆林市科技局产学研项目(CXY-2020-010-03)。

摘　　要：【目的】长柄扁桃是陕北沙区重要生态树种和经济树种,在区域经济和生态建设中发挥着重要作用。近年来受到多种害虫侵扰,受害面积不断增加且日益严重。为此进行了该研究,以明确陕北沙区长柄扁桃害虫种类及害虫危害情况,为今后长柄扁桃害虫监测和科学防控提供基础资料。【方法】于2017年3月至2020年10月,采用人工采集法和黑光灯诱法对陕北沙区长柄扁桃害虫进行采集,对采集到的标本进行了鉴定、整理和区系分析;随后采用标准地调查法对害虫的危害程度做了系统的调查。【结果】共计调查到陕北沙区长柄扁桃害虫35种,隶属3个目19科,鞘翅目害虫种类为15种,占害虫种类的42.86%;半翅目害虫种类为11种,占害虫种类的31.43%;鳞翅目害虫种类为9种,占害虫总数的25.71%。区系分析表明,长柄扁桃的鞘翅目害虫古北种最多,占73.33%,鳞翅目害虫和半翅目害虫广布种最多,分别占88.89%和81.82%。危害程度研究表明,危害严重的害虫有5种,危害中度的害虫有8种,危害轻的害虫有22种。【结论】陕北沙区长柄扁桃害虫主要分布在鞘翅目和半翅目,鞘翅目害虫以古北种为主,半翅目和鳞翅目害虫以广布种为主。长柄扁桃害虫的优势种为华北大黑鳃金龟、苹毛丽金龟、阿拉善舌喙象、李小食心虫和桃蚜。[Objective]Amygdalus pedunculatus is an important ecological and economic tree species in the sandy area of northern Shaanxi Province of northwestern China,which plays an important role in regional economy and ecological construction.In recent years,they have been disturbed by a variety of pests,and the damaged area is increasing and becoming more and more serious.In this study,the species and harm of pests on A.pedunculatus in the sandy area of northern Shaanxi Province were clarified,so as to provide basic data for the monitoring and scientific prevention and control of watermelon pests.[Method]From March 2017 to October 2020,pests on A.pedunculatus were collected by manual collection and black light trap in the sandy area of Northern Shaanxi Province,and the collected pests specimen were identified,sorted and floristicly analyzed.Then,the damage degree of pests was systematically investigated by standard field investigation method.[Result]There were 35 species of pests recorded belonging to 3 orders and 19 families in the sandy area of northern Shaanxi Province,among which,15 species belong to Coleoptera,accounting for 42.86%;11 species belong to Hemiptera,accounting for 31.43%;and 9 species belong to Lepidoptera,accounting for 25.71%.The faunas analysis showed that The Palaearctic species of Coleoptera pests on A.pedunculata were the most,accounting for 73.33%,and the widespread species of Lepidoptera and Hemiptera pests were the most,accounting for 88.89%and 81.82%,respectively.The analysis of pest damage degree showed that there were 5 kinds of serious pests,8 kinds of moderate pests and 22 kinds of light pests on A.pedunculata.[Conclusion]Coleoptera and Hemiptera are the main pests on A.pedunculata in the sandy area of northern Shaanxi Province.Among them,Coleoptera pests are mainly Palaearctic species,while Hemiptera and Lepidoptera pests are mainly widespread species.The main pests on A.pedunculata are Proagopertha lucidula,Diglossotrox alashanicus,Grapholitha funebrana and Myzus persicae.

关 键 词：长柄扁桃 陕北沙区 害虫种类 危害情况 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学] S433[农业科学—林学]