二氧化碳浓度对不育系和可育系水稻颖花关闭的影响  

Influences of Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Spikelet Closure in Fertile and Sterile Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

作　　者：黄友明[1] 曾晓春[1] HUANG Youming;ZENG Xiaochun(Department of Life Science and Environmental Resources,Yichun University,Yichun,Jiangxi 336000,China)

机构地区：[1]宜春学院生命科学与资源环境学院,江西宜春336000

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2023年第2期373-383,共11页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31360297)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在探索水稻颖花关闭机理,发掘颖花关闭调控新措施。【方法】以可育水稻赣早538、萍恢141、华占和不育系水稻珍汕97A、博优A、岳4A为材料,通过观察离体稻穗刚开放颖花在CO_(2)空气混合气体中的关闭过程,并采用便携式光合仪LCI测定颖花开闭过程中颖花胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr),研究CO_(2)对水稻颖花关闭的效应。【结果】2%~15%CO_(2)处理明显加快可育水稻和不育系水稻颖花关闭进程,极显著缩短颖花开闭历时,明显提高不育系水稻颖花最终关闭率,此效应的最佳浓度为5%。可育水稻颖花Ci、Gs和Tr最大值均出现在内外颖夹角最大时,且均极显著高于内外颖开裂时;不育系水稻颖花Gs和Tr最大值也出现在内外颖夹角最大时,但Ci最大值出现在内外颖合拢时,较可育水稻后置,也均极显著高于内外颖开裂时;较可育水稻,不育系水稻各对应时间点的Ci、Gs和Tr值均明显要低。【结论】提示CO_(2)可能是启动水稻颖花关闭的重要因子,不育水稻颖花关闭进程慢,开闭历时长可能与其Ci最大值后置且偏低有关。[Objective]This study aims to explore the mechanism of spikelet closure and discover the new measures to regulate spikelet closure.[Method]The fertile rice Ganzao 538,Pinghui 141,Huazhan and the sterile rice Zhenshan 97A,Boyou A,and Yue 4A were used as materials to study the effects of CO_(2)on spikelet closure.The closing process of the isolated rice spikelets that just opened in CO_(2)-air mixture were observed,and the intercellular CO_(2)concentration(Ci),stomatal conductance(Gs),and transpiration rate(Tr)of spikelets were measured by portable photosynthetic instrument(LCI)during the process,to study the effects of CO_(2)on spikelet closure in rice.[Result]The results showed that 2%-15%CO_(2)treatment significantly accelerated the spikelet closing process of fertile and sterile rice,and the time duration from the opening to closing of the glumous flower were shorted significantly,the final spikelet closure rate of sterile rice were increased significantly,and the optimal concentration of this effect was 5%CO_(2).The maximum values of Ci、Gs and Tr of fertile rice spikelets appeared when the angle between the inner and outer glume was maximum,and the values were significantly higher than that when inner and outer glume cracked.The maximum of Gs and Tr also appeared when the angle between the inner and outer glume was the largest in the sterile rice,but the maximum of Ci appeared when the inner and outer glume were closing and it was significantly higher than its appeared at the time when inner and outer glume cracking and it was later than the fertile rice.The Ci、Gs and Tr in spikelets of the sterile rice were less than that of the fertile rice at the corresponding time points in the process of spikelet opening and closure.[Conclusion]These results revealed that CO_(2)may be an important factor in initiating spikelet closure in rice.The spikelet closure of sterile rice was slower and the time from the inner and outer glume cracking to clousure was longer than that of the fertile rice,which may be caused by t

关 键 词：水稻 颖花关闭 二氧化碳 胞间CO_(2)浓度 颖花关闭率 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S334