夫妻代耕农场的生产境况——基于都市郊区调查的报告  

Production Situation of Couple Farms——A Report Based on a Survey of Urban Suburbs

作　　者：黄志辉[1] 舒泽浩 HUANG Zhihui;SHU Zehao

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第2期5-20,共16页Journal of China Agricultural University;Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“中国东部城郊的夫妻农场研究”(21FSHB016);国家社会科学基金重点项目“新时代中国马克思主义人类学的理论创新和意识形态建设研究”(19AZD027)。

摘　　要：近年来,家庭农场研究领域出现了一个双重钟摆格局,这实际上只是农业经济研究领域中形式主义与实体主义经典对立的再现。改革开放以来北京、上海、广州等大都市郊区涌现的夫妻代耕农场的生产劳动中,夫-妻这一劳动单位介于个体劳力与家庭劳力之间,兼具经济理性与社会理性。因此,需要综合实体主义与形式主义两种研究视角和方法去展现这种新型的农业生产经验。本文混合使用民族志田野资料和579份问卷调查数据,共同勾勒出大都市郊区夫妻代耕农场的耕作图景与区域差异,并细致展示夫妻代耕农场的经营方式、生产效率、劳动过程、分工合作、租地契约、外部环境与历史变迁等境况,为家庭农场研究提供一个偏实质主义分析进路的现实案例。In recent years,a dual pendulum pattern has emerged in the field of family farm research.This dual pendulum pattern is just the reappearance of the classic opposition between formalism and substantialism.Based on the study of the couple farms since the reform and opening-up,emerging in the suburbs of Beijing,Shanghai,and Guangzhou,this paper found the concept of couple labor has both economic and social rationality between individuals and families.This article uses a combination of ethnographic field data and 579-questionnaire survey data to jointly outline the farming landscape and regional differences of couple farms in Beijing,Shanghai,and Guangzhou,and carefully displays the production conditions of couple farms such as their management methods,production efficiency,labor processes,labor division and cooperation,land lease contracts,external environment,and historical changes,providing a realistic case of a substantive analysis approach to family farm research.

关 键 词：代耕农场 夫妻劳动 生产极限 劳动过程 

分 类 号：F324.1[经济管理—产业经济]