战略跟随视角下的英国新北极政策转变及其动因  

Change of British New Arctic Policy and Its Motivation:A Perspective of Strategic Following

作　　者：薛冯旭 XUE Feng-xu(College of Politics and International Relations,Tongji University,Shanghai 200082,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学政治与国际关系学院,上海200082

出　　处：《辽东学院学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期47-58,共12页Journal of Liaodong University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金海洋重大专项“国际大变局下中国参与北极治理研究”(20VHQ011)。

摘　　要：随着国际政治格局剧烈变化,北极地缘战略价值不断提升。英国作为北极航道的门户,充分意识到改变战略重心、聚焦北极事务的重要性。目前,北极地区军事防务已成为英国对外政策的焦点之一。纵观近10年英国北极政策演变历程可以发现,出于北约盟国、欧洲大国与近北极国家的三重身份,受“联盟压力”影响,英国选择“战略跟随”,由保守务实转向积极主动,政策重心由环境保护、科学研究、商业发展转向地缘安全。英国通过与北极国家实现跨身份的交流合作维护本国在北极地区利益,这一做法值得同为近北极国家的中国借鉴。With the dramatic changes in the international political landscape,the geopolitical value of the Arctic is rising.As the gateway to the Arctic Passage,the UK is fully aware of the importance of changing its strategic focus and focusing on Arctic affairs.At present,the military defense in the Arctic has become a focus of UK’s foreign policy.By analyzing the evolution of the British Arctic policy in the past 10 years,we can find that due to its identity as a NATO ally,a European power and a near-Arctic country,under the influence of alliance pressure,the UK changes its conservative and pragmatic strategy to an aggressive one,and the focus of policy shifted from environmental protection,scientific research,business development and other issues to geopolitical security.The UK maintains its own interests in the Arctic region through cross-identity exchanges and cooperation with Arctic countries.This practice is worth learning from China,which is also a near-Arctic country.

关 键 词：英国 北极政策 战略跟随 地缘安全 近北极国家 

分 类 号：D815.9[政治法律—国际关系]