基于卫星数字并行系统的星座成像调度方法  

Imaging Scheduling of Satellite Constellation Based on Digital Parallel System

作　　者：余快[1] 张鹏 陈斌[2] 葛萌[1] YU Kuai;ZHANG Peng;CHEN Bin;GE Meng(China Academy of Space Technology Institute of Remote Sensing Satellite,Beijing 100094,China;Beijing Institute of Control Engineering,Beijing 100094,China;China Academy of Space Technology Hangzhou Institute,Hangzhou 310024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空间技术研究院遥感卫星总体部,北京100094 [2]北京控制工程研究所,北京100094 [3]中国空间技术研究院杭州中心,杭州310024

出　　处：《空间控制技术与应用》2023年第2期68-75,共8页Aerospace Control and Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(62022013);装备发展部基础研究项目(514010212-302)。

摘　　要：遥感卫星星座成像调度是指通过调度和分配可用的卫星观测资源,对多个地面目标点进行成像.为了使成像调度方案满足任务需求并具有最优任务效能,通常将星座成像调度问题描述为含有多种约束的优化问题.本文提出一种卫星数字并行系统,模拟在轨卫星星座运行及控制过程.在系统中建立模拟GNC分系统、数管分系统、测控分系统功能的数字孪生卫星,接收并执行真实卫星控制指令,并以遥测数据的形式反映卫星姿态和轨道控制过程.考虑卫星多目标成像中的能量、时间窗口、光照及气象条件约束,以目标点重访时间为优化指标,将星座成像调度问题建模为一类带有约束的优化问题.通过卫星数字并行系统的加速仿真得到多目标成像序列的可行解集,并通过求解优化问题,得到多目标点重访频率最高的星座成像调度方案.仿真结果表明,本文提出的方法解决了星座成像调度中的目标分配问题,采用的数字孪生卫星模型能够真实模拟卫星姿轨控过程,从而保证该方法在星座成像任务中更具可行性和时效性.Constellation imaging scheduling for remote sensing satellites refers to imaging multiple ground target points by scheduling and allocating available satellite observation resources.In order to make the imaging scheduling scheme meet the mission requirements and have the optimal mission efficiency,the constellation imaging scheduling problem is usually formulated as an optimization problem with multiple constraints.In this paper,a satellite digital parallel system is presented,which simulates the operation and control process of satellite constellation in orbit.A digital twin satellite that simulates the functions of GNC subsystem,digital tube subsystem and TT&C subsystem is established in the system,which receives and executes real satellite control commands,and reflects the satellite attitude and orbit control process in the form of telemetry data.Considering the constraints of energy,time window,illumination and meteorological conditions in satellite multi-target imaging,the problem of constellation imaging scheduling is modeled as a constrained optimization problem with the target revisit time as the optimization index.The feasible solution set of multi-target imaging sequence is obtained through accelerated simulation of satellite digital parallel system,and the constellation imaging scheduling scheme with the highest revisit frequency of multi-target points is obtained by solving the optimization problem.The simulation results show that the method proposed in this paper solves the problem of target assignment in constellation imaging scheduling,and the digital twin satellite model adopted can simulate the satellite attitude and orbit control process,thus ensuring that the method is more feasible and timelier in constellation imaging missions.

关 键 词：成像调度 卫星星座 数字并行系统 数字孪生卫星 

分 类 号：V412.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]