单身女性冻卵的法律规制与治理对策  

Legal Regulation and Countermeasures on Single Females’Egg Freezing

作　　者：石佳友[1] 曾佳[1] SHI Jia-you;ZENG Jia(Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学,北京100872

出　　处：《山东女子学院学报》2023年第3期1-10,共10页Journal of Shandong Women＇s University

基　　金：2019年度司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目“人类胚胎基因编辑立法研究”(项目编号:19SFB2035)。

摘　　要：卵子冷冻技术具有为患有影响生育能力疾病的患者和希望延迟生育的健康女性保存生育能力的优势,但同样面临冻卵技术可能对女性和婴儿造成健康风险、非出于医学原因冻卵冲击传统家庭结构、单身女性生育正当性等法律和伦理争议。对此,应区分冻卵与辅助生殖这两个不同阶段,避免对前端单身女性申请冻卵行为与后端单身女性使用辅助生殖技术一刀切地禁止;申请冻卵服务无须区分女性的单身与已婚状态,避免对单身女性的不当区别对待;尊重女性非出于医学原因冻卵的自主性。法律应降低在冻卵服务获得方面的门槛限制,将公共资源更多投入在对寻求冻卵服务女性知情权的保障上,确保女性的知情同意进而独立自主地作出明智决定。Egg freezing technology has the advantages of preserving fertility for patients suffering from diseases that affect fertility and healthy women who wish to delay fertility.However,it also faces legal and ethical disputes such as the health risks that egg freezing technology may cause to women and babies,the impact of egg freezing on traditional family structure,and the legitimacy of single women giving birth.In this regard,we should distinguish between the two different stages of egg freezing and assisted reproduction,so as to avoid the outright prohibition on the application of egg freezing for single women in the front end and the use of assisted reproduction technology for single women in the back end.It is not necessary to distinguish single or married status of women when applying for egg freezing service to avoid improper discrimination.Women’s autonomy to freeze eggs for non-medical reasons should be respected.The law should lower the threshold of obtaining egg freezing service,and more public resources should be invested in ensuring women’s right to know in seeking egg freezing service,so as to ensure women’s informed consent and make wise decisions independently.

关 键 词：人类辅助生殖技术 单身女性冻卵 非医学冻卵 生育权 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]