褐带卷蛾茧蜂对不同龄期红脉穗螟幼虫的选择性和适应性  

Selectivity and adaptability of the parasitoid Bracon adoxophyesi to larvae of Tirathaba rufivena in different instars

作　　者：钟宝珠[1] 吕朝军[1] 李朝绪[1] 李文莲 覃伟权[1] Zhong Baozhu;LüChaojun;Li Chaoxu;Li Wenlian;Qin Weiquan(Coconut Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Hainan Engineering Research Center of Arecanut Industry,Wenchang 571339,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所,海南省槟榔产业工程研究中心,海南文昌571339

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期97-103,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：海南省重大科技计划项目(zdkj201817);海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2016059);中国热带农业科学院热带木本油料创新团队项目(1630152017010)。

摘　　要：[目的]本研究为明确褐带卷蛾茧蜂对红脉穗螟不同龄期幼虫的偏好和适应性。[方法]采用室内生物学方法研究了寄生蜂对寄主幼虫龄期的选择性及寄主幼虫龄期对寄生蜂发育、存活、寿命、子代性比等的影响。[结果]在选择性试验中,褐带卷蛾茧蜂可寄生红脉穗螟3~5龄幼虫,而在非选择性条件下可以寄生红脉穗螟2~5龄幼虫,且寄生率随寄主龄期的升高而增加。褐带卷蛾茧蜂在红脉穗螟2~5龄幼虫体上均可完成世代发育。其中以2龄幼虫为寄主时,褐带卷蛾茧蜂总发育历期(卵-成虫)最长,为18.50 d,而以红脉穗螟5龄幼虫为寄主时发育历期最短,仅为12.75 d,两者之间相差5.75 d。以红脉穗螟5龄幼虫为寄主时,褐带卷蛾茧蜂单雌产卵量最高(34.85粒),寿命最长(14.50 d),而以2龄幼虫为寄主时单雌产卵量最低(5.29粒),寿命最短(11.15 d),与5龄幼虫为寄主相比分别降低84.82%和23.10%。褐带卷蛾茧蜂的生命表参数内禀增长率(rm)、净增值率(R0)、世代时间(T)和有限增长率(λ)均在寄生红脉穗螟5龄幼虫时达到最大,rm、R0、T和λ的值分别为0.29、123.21、16.50和1.34。[结论]褐带卷蛾茧蜂更偏好选择红脉穗螟高龄幼虫寄生,且高龄寄主幼虫有利于褐带卷蛾茧蜂个体和种群发育。[Objective]This study was aimed to clarify the preference and adaptation of Bracon adoxophyesi on different instar larvae of Tirathaba rufivena.[Methods]The selectivity of B.adoxophyesi on T.rufivena larval stage and the effects of host larval instar on the development,survival,life span and sex ratio of parasitic wasps offspring were studied using bioassay meth⁃ods.[Results]In the selective choice experiment,B.adoxophyesi may parasitized the 3rd to 5th instar larvae of T.rufivena.In non-selective conditions,however,the parasitism rate increased with the increase of the host instar,and 2nd to 5th instar host larvae could be parasitized.B.adoxophyesi could complete its generation development on the 2nd to 5th instar larvae of the spike moth.The longest duration of the wasp generation development(from egg to adult)was 18.50 days when 2nd instar larvae were used as hosts,while in the 5th instar larvae treatment,the generation development duration was only 12.75 days,re⁃sulting in a difference of 5.75 days.When 5th instar larvae of T.rufivena were used as hosts,the female wasps had the highest oviposition(34.85)and the longest life(14.50 days),while in 2nd instar larvae treatment,the female wasps had the lowest oviposition(5.29)and the shortest life(11.15 days)with 84.82%and 23.10%lower than that of the 5th instar larvae treat⁃ment.The intrinsic rate of increase(rm),net reproductive rate(R0),generation time(T)(days),and finite rate of increase(λ)of B.adoxophyesi reached the maximum when 5th instars of T.rufivena were parasitized,with values of rm,R0,T andλbeing 0.29,123.21,16.50,and 1.34,respectively.[Conclusion]B.adoxophyesi exhibits a preference for parasitizing old in⁃star larvae of T.rufivena,and the use of old instar host larvae is beneficial for the individual and population development of B.adoxophyesi.

关 键 词：红脉穗螟 寄主龄期 褐带卷蛾茧蜂 寄主选择 生长发育 

分 类 号：S433.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]