基于探地雷达的法桐行道树粗根分布特征研究  

Study on the Distribution of Coarse Roots in Platanus Street Trees Based on Ground Penetrating Radar

作　　者：陈文静 圣倩倩[1,2,3,4,5] 张慧会 祝遵凌 CHEN Wen-jing;SHENG Qian-qian;ZHANG Hui-hui;ZHU Zun-ling(College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210037,P.R.China;Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210037,P.R.China;Jinpu Research institute,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210037,P.R.China;Research Center for Digital Innovation Design,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210037,P.R.China;Jinpu Landscape Architecture Co.,Ltd,Nanjing Jiangsu 210019,P.R.China;College of Art and Design,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210037,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院,江苏南京210037 [2]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [3]南京林业大学金埔研究院,江苏南京210037 [4]南京林业大学数字化创新设计研究中心,江苏南京210037 [5]金埔园林股份有限公司,江苏南京210019 [6]南京林业大学艺术设计学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2023年第2期26-32,39,共8页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：江苏省社会科学基金项目研究成果(21GLC002);教育部人文社会科学研究“城市绿地生态效益测度与高质量协同发展新机制研究——以南京都市圈为例”项目(21YJCZH131);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究面上项目(21KJB220008);国家自然科学青年科学基金项目(32101582);江苏省自然科学青年基金项目(BK20210613)。

摘　　要：为了揭示法桐行道树地下根系的分布特征及其影响因素,以期为南京市的行道树养护管理提供参考。通过无损探测技术对南京市热河路随机70株法桐进行根系探测,采用单因素方差分析法和相关性分析法比较不同水平距离及深度根系密度的差异和地上指标与根系分布的相关性。结果显示:(1)法桐行道树的粗根密度在水平方向上随着距树干中心距离的增加而减小;在垂直方向上,粗根数量在0~40 cm深度范围内随土层深度增加而增多。(2)热河路法桐行道树的树干空腐情况表现中等,空腐情况为Ⅱ级的树木样本占19%,Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级均占30%,Ⅴ级则占21%。(3)水平方向上,根系分布密度与树高、胸径、冠幅等3个指标存在显著正相关(P<0.05),随着水平距离增加,相关性逐渐减小。其中,相关性尤为显著的是胸径大小,且粗根分布密度随胸径增大而增加。垂直方向上,根系数量仅与胸径大小存在显著正相关(P<0.05),在20~40 cm范围内呈现最强的相关性。(4)树干内部空腐(树干健康程度)与水平及垂直方向的粗根分布均不存在显著相关性(P>0.05)。结果表明,法桐行道树根系分布与树木生长存在紧密联系,根系生长与树木胸径的相关性最为显著;树木内部空腐与根系分布不存在较强的相关性,但树干边材腐朽可能会导致根系生长不良;园林养护部门应及时采取有效的管护措施,从老树复壮、土壤水分控制、铺砖材料更新等多方面展开养护行动。In order to reveal the distribution characteristics of the underground root system of Platanus spp.street trees and its influencing factors,and to provide countermeasures for the maintenance and management of street trees in Nanjing,the root system of 70 random Platanus spp.street trees on Rehe Road,Nanjing,was probed by non-destructive detection techniques.One-way ANOVA and correlation analysis were used to compare the differences in root density at different horizontal distances and depths and the correlation between above-ground indicators and root distribution.The results showed that:(1)The density of coarse roots in trees decreases horizontally with increasing distance from the centre of the trunk;In the vertical direction,the number of coarse roots increases with increasing soil depth in the 0-40 cm depth range;(2)The trunk of the street trees on Rehe Road showed moderate air rot,with 19%of the sample having grade II,30%of both grade III and grade IV,and 21%of grade V;(3)Horizontally,root density was significantly correlated with height,diameter at breast height and crown width(P<0.05),and the correlation decreased with increasing horizontal distance;Vertically,the number of roots was only significantly positively correlated with diameter at breast height(P<0.05)and showed the strongest correlation in the 20-40 cm range;(4)There was no significant correlation between the distribution of thick roots in either horizontal or vertical directions and the degree of internal trunk vacuolation(P>0.05).In street trees,there is a strong relationship between root distribution and tree growth,with the strongest relationship being between root growth and tree diameter at breast height.Internal tree air rot and root distribution don't have a strong relationship,but trunk sapwood decay can cause poor root growth.The maintenance department should take timely and effective management measures to rejuvenate old trees,control soil moisture and renew brick paving materials.

关 键 词：法桐 二球悬铃木 探地雷达 无损探测 根系分布 粗根密度 树干心腐 

分 类 号：S718.4[农业科学—林学]