防护口罩的过滤性及舒适性评价  

Evaluation on filtration and comfort performance of respirators

作　　者：王梅 张宏顺[1] 蒋绍锋[1] 周静[1] 孙承业[1] WANG Mei;ZHANG Hong-shun;JIANG Shao-feng;ZHOU Jing;SUN Cheng-ye(National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050

出　　处：《医疗卫生装备》2023年第3期49-53,共5页Chinese Medical Equipment Journal

基　　金：国家卫生健康委员会卫生健康标准制修订项目(20200703)。

摘　　要：目的:对国内市场上常见的防护口罩的过滤性及舒适性进行评价,为防护口罩改进提升提供依据。方法:采取线上销售平台和线下调研的抽样方法,选取国内市场上常见的77款防护口罩,参照GB 19083—2010《医用防护口罩技术要求》和GB 2626—2019《呼吸防护自吸过滤式防颗粒物呼吸器》对其过滤效率、呼吸阻力和死腔进行检测。采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析。结果:防护口罩的过滤效率符合国家标准的不足75%,颗粒物防护口罩滤材的过滤效率较医用防护口罩更稳定;舒适性指标的合格率高于过滤效率,其中死腔全部合格且测试结果远低于标准要求;不同类型口罩在舒适性指标测评结果上不存在差异(P>0.05),口罩的折叠方式会影响舒适性指标测评结果(P<0.05)。结论:目前国内防护口罩的过滤性及舒适性有待进一步提高,高效低阻滤材的防护口罩是今后的研发重点。Objective To evaluate the filter efficiency and comfort performance of common respirators in Chinese market in order to provide data support for the improvement of respirators.Methods Totally 77 protective respirators were selected with the sampling method based on online sale platform and offline survey.The filtration efficiency,breathing resistance and dead space were tested with reference to GB 19083—2010"Technical requirements for protective face mask for medical use"and GB 2626—2019"Respiratory protection—Non-powered air-purifying particle respirator".SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results There were 75%of the respirators with the filtration efficiency meeting the national standards,and the filtration efficiency of the filter material of particulate protection respirators was more stable than that of medical protective masks;the passing rate of comfort performance was higher than that of the filtration efficiency,and the dead space was all qualified and the test results were much lower than the standard requirements;there were no differences between types of respirators in the evaluation results of comfort performance(P>0.05),and the folding mode of respirators affected the evaluation results of comfort performance(P<0.05).Conclusion The filtration and comfort performance of respirators in China need to be further improved,and protective respirators with high-efficiency and low-resistance filter materials are the focus of future research and development.

关 键 词：防护口罩 过滤效率 舒适性 呼吸阻力 死腔 

分 类 号：TS941.724[轻工技术与工程—服装设计与工程]