缝纫机旋梭轴转子动力学特性研究  

Dynamic characteristics research of sewing machine rotating hook shafting

作　　者：祝书伟 李伟男 徐仙国 ZHU Shu-wei;LI Wei-nan;XU Xian-guo(Jack Technology Co.,Ltd.,Taizhou 318000,China)

机构地区：[1]杰克科技股份有限公司,浙江台州318000

出　　处：《机电工程》2023年第4期571-577,共7页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：浙江省省级工业新产品开发项目(202209-A03821)。

摘　　要：针对缝纫机旋梭轴系高速运行不稳定的问题,计算了旋梭轴系的转子动力学,分析了失稳的原因,对旋梭轴系稳定性进行了理论分析,对旋梭轴转子动力学特性进行了仿真研究。首先,根据缝纫机转子瞬时位置及其受力情况,推导出了转子动力学方程,建立了旋梭轴系动力学分析模型;然后,在ANSYS Workbench软件中对刚性支承下旋梭轴系进行了转子动力学仿真分析,通过模态分析和不平衡响应分析,找到了旋梭轴系在工作转速内失稳的原因;最后,研究了旋梭轴径、支承位置、支承刚度、阻尼系数、轴向预紧力对旋梭轴系稳定性的影响,确定了满足使用工况的旋梭轴系结构和支承刚度范围。研究结果表明:缝纫机工作转速内有1个临界转速,影响了旋梭轴系的稳定性;增大轴径对提升临界转速的效果不明显;增加一个支承点,轴承刚度高于1 000 N/mm,轴套支承刚度高于100 N/mm,阻尼系数小于0.1,轴向预紧力小于100 N;旋梭轴系在工作转速内可以稳定运行。Aiming at the unstable problem of high-speed running of the sewing machine s shuttle shaft system,the rotor dynamics of the shuttle shaft system was calculated,the causes of instability were analyzed,the stability of the shuttle shaft system was theoretically analyzed,and the rotor dynamics characteristics of the shuttle shaft were simulated.Firstly,the rotor dynamic equation was deduced according to the instantaneous position and force of sewing machine rotor,and the dynamic analysis model of rotating hook shafting was established.Secondly,the rotor dynamics of rotating hook shafting under rigid support was simulated and analyzed in ANSYS Workbench,and the reasons for instability of rotating hook shafting in working speed were found out through modal analysis and unbalance response analysis.Finally,the influences of rotating hook axis diameter,bearing position,bearing stiffness,damping coefficient and axial preload on the stability of rotating hook shafting were studied.The structure and supporting stiffness range of rotary shuttle shafting meeting the service conditions were determined.The results show that the rotating hook shafting system has a critical speed within the working speed,which affects the stability of the rotating hook shafting system.The effect of increasing axle diameter on increasing critical speed is not obvious.When adding a bearing support point,the bearing support stiffness is more than 1000 N/mm,the bearing sleeve support stiffness is more than 100 N/mm,damping is less than 0.1,and the axial preload is less than 100 N,the rotating hook shafting system can run stably within the working speed.

关 键 词：缝纫机械 转子高速失稳 临界转速 旋梭轴径 支承位置和刚度 阻尼系数 轴向预紧力 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TS941.56[轻工技术与工程—服装设计与工程]