一种T型吹灰装置在锅炉空气预热器上的应用  

Application of a T-type Soot Blowing Device on Bolier Air Preheater

作　　者：谭琦 孙宗康 洪立 黄正凤 TAN Qi;SUN Zongkang;HONG Li;HUANG Zhengfeng(Guangdong Electric Power Development Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510630,China;Guangzhou ZOB Mechanical and Electrical Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]广东电力发展股份有限公司,广东广州510630 [2]广州卓博机电科技有限公司,广东广州510275

出　　处：《广东电力》2023年第4期110-117,共8页Guangdong Electric Power

基　　金：中国南方电网有限责任公司重点项目(NYJS2020KJ005)。

摘　　要：为解决燃煤电厂超低排放改造后,因硫酸氢铵粘结性积灰导致空气预热器蓄热元件严重堵塞的难题,根据硫酸氢铵生成机理、粘附特性及沉积部位,结合空气预热器结构及温度场分布,研发出一种新型在线清灰装置,代替原有的吹灰装置。所研T型吹灰装置的吹灰器采用T型双弧形喷管,喷管上安装多个扇形整流喷嘴,由推进机构定时从冷热端环向延续、径向步进推进。将该装置应用于广东某燃煤电厂600 MW机组锅炉空气预热器,在完成空气预热器蓄热元件的人工清洗且机组运行110 d的同样条件下,对比分析投运原有的蒸汽吹灰装置后、投运T型吹灰装置后的空气预热器差压值,可知使用T型吹灰装置时空气预热器阻力增幅可减少300 Pa以上。对比分析结果表明,采用T型吹灰装置能够有效降低空气预热器阻力,并将阻力长时间维持在较低水平,能够安全、经济、有效清除硫酸氢铵粘结性积灰,提高了机组的经济与可靠性,该装置可进一步推广至其他采用回转式空气预热器并存在严重堵塞问题的燃煤电厂。In order to solve the problem that the heat storage elements of the air preheater were seriously blocked due to adhesive ash deposition of ammonium bisulfate after the ultra-low emission transformation of the coal-fired power plants was finished,a new online ash removal technology was developed to replace the original soot blowing device according to the ammonium bisulfate generation mechanism,adhesive characteristics and deposition position,combined with the air preheater structure and temperature field distribution.The soot blower of the developed T-type soot blowing device used T-type double arc-shaped nozzle jet with multiple fan-shaped rectifier nozzles which were pushed in a circumferential continuous tend and radial step-by-step tend from the cold and heat ends.This device was applied to the boiler air preheater of one 600 MW unit in a coal fired power plant in Guangdong.Under the same conditions of finishing artificial cleaning of the heat storage elements and the running time of 110 days,the pressure differences of the air preheaters of the original steam soot blowing device and the T-type soot blowing device were compared.It was found the resistance increase of the air preheater was reduced by more than 300 Pa after using the T-type soot blowing device.The results show that the T-type soot blowing device can effectively reduce the resistance of the air preheater and maintain the resistance at a low level for a long time,which can safely,economically and effectively remove the adhesive ash deposition of ammonium bisulfate.It is able to improve the economy and reliability of the unit by using this T-type soot blowing device and feasible to further extend to other coal-fired power plants with serious blockage problem of rotary air preheater.

关 键 词：空气预热器 硫酸氢铵 积灰 蒸汽吹灰 节能 

分 类 号：TM621.2[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TK223.27[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]