基于VMD-Teager的露天边坡爆破振动信号能量特征研究  

Energy characteristics of blast vibration signals of open-pit slope based on VMD-Teager

作　　者：徐振洋 莫宏毅 包松 赵建宇 王雪松 刘鑫 陈占扬 XU Zhenyang;MO Hongyi;BAO Song;ZHAO Jianyu;WANG Xuesong;LIU Xin;CHEN Zhanyang(School of Mining Engineering,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,China;School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China;School of Civil and Transportation Engineering,Henan University of Urban Construction,Pingdingshan 467041,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学矿业工程学院,辽宁鞍山114051 [2]沈阳工业大学建筑与土木学院,沈阳110870 [3]河南城建学院土木与交通工程学院,河南平顶山467041

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2023年第7期77-88,105,共13页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974187);“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0801603);辽宁省教育厅重点项目(LJKZ0282)。

摘　　要：爆破振动信号特征分析是研究边坡稳定性的有效方法之一,结合模拟退火算法(simulated annealing,SA)局部搜索能力强和遗传算法(genetic algorithm,GA)全局自动寻优的特点,选取模糊熵(fuzzy entropy,FE)为模态分量的适应度函数,求解变分模态分解(variational modal decomposition,VMD)的最优分解参数,建立以模态分量(intrinsic modal function,IMF)的频带分布为指标、趋势项判别准则及复相关系数原理相结合的趋势项去除方法;Teager能量算子解调单分量信号的解调速度、精度均高于Hilbert变换。综上,提出了基于趋势项滤除的VMD-Teager能量算子解调法,用来获取爆破振动信号的能量分布特征。某矿山测得爆破振动信号分析结果表明:与EMD法相比,基于参数优化VMD算法在去除信号趋势项方面更精确有效,能够解决原始振动信号中存在的基线偏移及低频干扰等问题。爆破振动能量以低频为主,PPV、主频率、能量呈现出了“波浪”式的变换态势。PPV、主频率的衰减速度与放大系数在同一量级,但能量峰值的衰减速度与放大系数都远远大于PPV、主频率的变化速度,是PPV、主频率衰减速度的3.42倍~5.9倍,放大系数的2.07倍~3.12倍。Feature analysis of blast vibration signals is one of the effective methods to study slope stability.Here,combining advantages of the strong local search ability of simulated annealing(SA)algorithm and the global automatic searching optimal of genetic algorithm(GA),fuzzy entropy(FE)was selected as the fitness function of modal components to solve optimal decomposition parameters of variational modal decomposition(VMD).A trend term removal method was established taking frequency band distribution of intrinsic modal functions(IMFs)as an indicator and combining the trend term discrimination criteria and the principle of complex correlation coefficient.It was shown that demodulation speed and accuracy of single component signal demodulated by Teager energy operator are higher than those of Hilbert transform.On the bases mentioned above,the VMD-Teager energy operator demodulation method based on trend term removal by filtration was proposed to obtain energy distribution characteristics of blast vibration signals.The analysis results of blast vibration signals measured in a certain mine showed that compared with EMD method,VMD algorithm based on parametric optimization is more accurate and effective in removing signal trend items,and it can solve problems of baseline shift and low-frequency interference in the original vibration signals;blast vibration energy is dominated by low frequency components,and PPV,main frequency and energy reveal a"wave"transformation trend;attenuation speed and amplification coefficient of PPV and dominant frequency are on the same order of magnitude,but attenuation speed and amplification coefficient of energy peaks are far greater than those of PPV and dominant frequency,they are 3.42-5.9 times of attenuation speed of PPV and dominant frequency and 2.07-3.12 times of amplification coefficient of PPV and dominant frequency,respectively.

关 键 词：爆破振动 变分模态分解(VMD) Teager 趋势项 能量分布 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]