通感隐喻视角下汉语味觉词“苦”的语义变迁  

Semantic change of Chinese taste word “ku” fromperspective of synaesthetic metaphor

作　　者：倪梦 祝敏[2] NI Meng;ZHU Min(School of Humanities,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Hangzhou 310023,Zhejiang,China;School of Foreign Languages,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Hangzhou 310023,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江科技学院人文学院,杭州310023 [2]浙江科技学院外国语学院,杭州310023

出　　处：《浙江科技学院学报》2023年第2期153-158,共6页Journal of Zhejiang University of Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江科技学院大学生课外科技创新与实践项目(春萌计划)(2022CMLX173)。

摘　　要：隐喻在语义变化过程中起着重要的作用,通感隐喻是一种特殊的隐喻,反映了感官词之间的相互映射和意义变化。以通感隐喻为理论基础,采用定量与定性相结合的方法,基于北京大学中国语言学研究中心语料库对味觉词“苦”的语义变化进行系统研究;并结合多部辞书,总结其通感语义演变的实际过程。研究发现,“苦”的通感义项演变过程符合汉语通感隐喻的映射规律,并利用通感隐喻认知机制解释了“苦”的通感义项出现顺序不同的原因。梳理味觉词“苦”的通感语义演变过程,有助于更好地在对外汉语教学中帮助留学生把握“苦”等味觉词的基本义和引申义。Metaphor plays an important role in the process of semantic change.As a special kind of metaphor,synaesthetic metaphor reflects the mutual mapping and meaning change between sensory words.Based on the theory of synaesthetic metaphor,quantitative and qualitative methods were combined to systematically study the semantic change of the taste word“ku”through the corpus of Center for Chinese Linguistics of Peking University.With the help of several dictionaries,the actual process of its synaesthetic semantic evolution was summarized.It is found that the evolution process of the synaesthetic items of“ku”conforms to the mapping law of Chinese synaesthetic metaphor,and the cognitive mechanism of synaesthetic metaphor can be used to account for the different order of the synaesthetic items of“ku”.By sorting out the synaesthetic semantic evolution process of the taste word“ku”,it is conducive for foreign students to grasping the basic and extended meanings of taste words such as“ku”in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.

关 键 词：通感隐喻 苦 语义演变 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]