叙事策略视域下《海》中的不可靠叙述探究  

Exploration of unreliable narration in The Sea fromperspective of narrative strategy

作　　者：黄蓓蓓[1] HUANG Beibei(School of Foreign Languages,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Hangzhou 310023,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江科技学院外国语学院,杭州310023

出　　处：《浙江科技学院学报》2023年第2期159-163,共5页Journal of Zhejiang University of Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省教育厅一般科研项目(Y201737661);杭州市外文学会研究课题(HWKT2020002)。

摘　　要：班维尔在其小说《海》中运用不可靠叙述这一强有力的叙事策略探讨了死亡、记忆、创伤、表达及自我这些深刻的主题。首先明确了小说主角兼叙述者莫顿的不可靠叙述者的身份,分析其叙述在“事实/事件”、“价值/判断”及“知识/感知”三个维度上的偏离;接着通过分析小说中三个明显的不可靠叙述的叙事特征,即第一人称叙事、创伤叙事和写画来具体探讨小说的不可靠叙述的呈现;最后指出班维尔通过不可靠叙述这一叙事策略,质疑了记忆的客观性、语言表达的可靠性和自我身份的确定性,并通过不断的质疑和解疑最终完成了主角自我身份的建构。此外,通过不可靠叙述,作者还邀请读者积极地参与到文本互动当中,增强了小说的文学张力并鼓励他们思考自己的主观性如何影响自己对世界的理解。In his novel The Sea,John Banville adopts the narrative strategy of unreliable narration to explore the profound themes of death,memory,trauma,expression and self.First,the protagonist and narrator Max Morden was identified as an unreliable narrator,by analyzing his narrative deviation in all the three dimensions of“fact/event”,“value/judgment”,and“knowledge/perception”;then,the presentation of the unreliable narration in the novel was explored by analyzing the three prominent narrative characteristics of the unreliable narration:first-person narration,trauma narration,and ekphrasis;finally,unreliable narration was employed to question the objectivity of memory,the reliability of language expression,and the stability of self-identity.It was through continuous questioning and truth revealing that Morden finally constructed his own self-identity.Moreover,through unreliable narration,Banville also invites his readers to actively participate in the textual interaction,thus enhancing the literary tension of the novel and encouraging them to think about how their subjectivity affects their understanding of the world.

关 键 词：《海》 不可靠叙述 第一人称 创伤 写画 自我 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]