基于自然驾驶试验的小半径弯坡路段大型载货汽车驾驶员视觉特性研究  

Visual Characteristics of Large Truck Drivers on Small Radius Curved Slope Section Based on Natural Driving Test

作　　者：黄平文 夏号杰 余彪 刘星良 刘唐志[3] HUANG Pingwen;XIA Haojie;YU Biao;LIU Xingliang;LIU Tangzhi(Guizhou Gui'an New Area Highway Administration Bureau,Guiyang 550000,Guizhou,China;Chongqing Wanli Wanda Expressway Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401147,China;School of Traffic&Transportation,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省贵安新区公路管理局,贵州贵阳550000 [2]重庆万利万达高速公路有限公司,重庆401147 [3]重庆交通大学交通运输学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期121-127,共7页Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52172341);贵州省公路局2021年度科研和“四有”技术项目(2021QLJ01)。

摘　　要：在贵州省G246公路小半径弯坡路段开展大型载货汽车和小汽车驾驶员自然驾驶试验,基于Begaze软件与统计学方法,分析了两类驾驶员注视点分布特征与小半径弯坡路段转弯方向、半径、坡度的关系;研究了左转、右转方向驾驶员瞳孔直径、信息获取能力与速度的关系。研究结果表明:大型载货汽车驾驶员在小半径弯坡路段中行驶时,主要关注车头前方15~25 m区域,对后方车辆关注度不足;小汽车驾驶员关注的区域更远,会关注对向来车和道路线形走向;转向和曲线半径是影响驾驶员关注点的主要因素,左、右转时驾驶员主要关注道路中央标线、右侧道路边线,且应着重加强半径小于30 m弯坡路段的视觉引导有效性;大型载货汽车驾驶员过弯时瞳孔直径和信息获取能力的峰值位置与弯道中央并不重合,现有将凸面镜等提示性施设设置在弯道中央的处理措施并不适宜大型载货汽车。A natural driving test of large truck and car drivers on the small radius curved slope section of the G246 highway in Guizhou Province was carried out.Based on Begaze software and statistical methods,the relationship between the distribution characteristics of two types of driver\s gaze points and the turning direction,radius,and slope of the small radius curved slope section was analyzed,and the relationship among the pupil diameter,information acquisition ability and speed of drivers when turning left and right was studied.The research results show that the drivers of large trucks mainly focus on the area 15~25m in front of the vehicle when driving in the small radius curved slope section and pay insufficient attention to the vehicles behind.The car driver will pay attention to the farther area,the direction of the oncoming vehicles and the alignment of the road.Steering and curve radius are the main factors affecting the driver\s gaze points.When turning left and right,the driver mainly focuses on the central marking of the road and the right side line of the road.Emphasis should be placed on enhancing the effectiveness of visual guidance in curved slope sections with radius less than 30m.The peak position of pupil diameter and information acquisition ability of large truck drivers when turning does not coincide with the center of the curve,therefore,the existing treatment measures of setting the convex mirror and other suggestive facilities in the center of the curve are not suitable for large trucks.

关 键 词：交通工程 小半径弯坡路段 大型载货汽车驾驶员 自然驾驶试验 视点分布特征 信息获取能力 

分 类 号：U491.254[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]